LECTURES ON FAITH

           Original first published by The Church of Jesus Christ of                           Latter-day Saints in 1938.

                  Infobase (c) 1991, 1992 by Infobases, Inc.

Navigation marks have been placed throughout this book to facilitate more efficient reading and more effective study of this material by blind people.

Navigation marks in this book.

Level 1 headings mark the beginning of each of the 7 Lectures as well as the 4 Parts or appendices at the end of the book.

Level 2 headings mark the Principles section and the Questions and Answers sections within each Lecture, and also the “Historical Sketch of the Lectures on Faith” and other introductory material at the beginning of the book.

Level 3 headings mark each Principle and each of the Questions and Answers in each Lecture.

                       CONTENTS

 Historical Sketch of the Lectures on Faith - John A. Widtsoe

        Lecture First

        Lecture Second

        Lecture Third

        Lecture Fourth

        Lecture Fifth

        Lecture Sixth

        Lecture Seventh

        Excerpt from "King Follett" discourse - Joseph Smith Jr.

        Quotations from Joseph Smith, Jr.

        Excerpt from President Joseph F. Smith

        Excerpt from "The Kingdom of God" - Orson Pratt

                            HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE                               LECTURES ON FAITH

                            By Dr. John A. Widtsoe

       "In a revelation given December 27, 1832, the Lord commanded the establishment of a School of the Prophets for the instruction of the Saints.  (See Section 88:127, 136-141; also 90:7.)  The school was organized at Kirtland, Ohio, in February, 1833, and was continued until April. In this school the Elders of the Church "had many glorious seasons of refreshing and great joy and satisfaction beamed in the countenances of the School of the Prophets, and the Saints, on account of the things revealed and our progress of the knowledge of God." (History of the Church, Vol, I, pp 322 and 334.)

       "So well was the work done in the School at Independence that the Lord made especial mention of it, in one of the revelations given at about this time." (Read Section 97:3-6).

       "The expulsion of the Saints from Missouri in the fall of 1833, and the consequent labors, appeared to prevent the continuation of the school in Kirtland during the winter of 1833-34. In November, 1834, however, preparations were made for the reopening of the school. The Prophet wrote:

       "'It now being the last of the month, and the Elders beginning to come in, it was necessary to make preparations for the school for the Elders, wherein they might be more perfectly instructed in the great things of God, during the coming winter. A building for a printing office was nearly finished, and the lower story of this building was set apart for that purpose, (the school,) when it was completed. So the Lord opened the way according to our faith and works, and blessed be His name,'" (History of the Church, Vol. 2, pp. 169-70).

       "On December 1, 1834, the Prophet further said: 'Our school for the Elders was now well attended, and with the lectures on theology, which were regularly delivered, absorbed for the time being everything else of a temporal nature. The classes, being mostly Elders, gave the most studious attention to the all-important object of qualifying themselves as messengers of Jesus Christ, to be ready to do His will in carrying glad tidings to all that would open their ears, eyes and hearts.'" (History of the Church, Vol. 2, pp. 175-6).

       During February, 1835, the school was closed for the season...

       "It was during the season of the school of the Prophets, held at Kirtland, Ohio, during the winter of 1834-35, that a series of lectures on theology was prepared, which were subsequently revised and printed in the Doctrine and Covenants, under the title, Lecture ures on Faith. The Prophet makes this clear in his autobiography: 'During the month of January, I was engaged in the school of the Elders, and in preparing the lectures on theology for publication in the Book of Doctrine and Covenants, which the committee appointed last September were now compiling.' (History of the Church, Vol. 2 p. 180.) Evidence to the same effect is found in the Messenger and Advocate, a monthly paper published in Kirtland, Ohio. The reference reads as follows:

     "'The following are two short lectures which were delivered before a      Theological class, in this place last winter. These lectures are being      compiled and arranged with other documents of instruction and regulation      for the Church, entitled "Doctrine and Covenants of the Church of the      Latter-day Saints," etc. It may be well, for the information of churches      abroad, to say, that this book will contain the important revelations on      doctrine and church government, now extant, and will, we trust, give them      a perfect understanding of the doctrine believed by this society. Such a      work has long been called for, and if we are prospered a few weeks, soon      shall have this volume ready for distribution. A full detail of its      contents will be given hereafter.

     “In giving the following lectures we have thought best to insert the      catechism, that the reader may fully understand the manner in which this      science is taught. It was found that by annexing a catechism to the      lectures as they were presented, the class made greater progress than      otherwise; and in consequence of the additional scripture proofs, it was      preserved in compiling." (Messenger and Advocate, May, 1835, p. 122.)

       "The rank of the Lectures on Faith or their value in comparison with the revelations found in the Doctrine and Covenants may be understood from the following statement taken from the authorized History of the Church: "These lectures on faith here referred to, were afterwards prepared by the Prophet, and published in the Doctrine and Covenants under the title "Lectures on Faith". They are seven in number, and occupy the first seventy-five pages in the current editions of the Doctrine and Covenants. they are not to be regarded as of equal authority in matters of doctrine with the revelations of God in the Doctrine of Covenants, but as stated by Elder John Smith, who when the Book of Doctrine and Covenants was submitted to the several quorums of Priesthood for acceptance, (August 17, 1835) speaking in behalf of the Kirtland High Council, bore record 'that the revelations in said book were true, and that the lectures were judiciously written and compiled, and were profitable doctrine.'  The distinction which Elder John Smith here makes should be observed as marking the difference between the Lectures on Faith and the revelations of God in the Doctrine and Covenants." (History of the Church, Vol. 2. p. 176, footnotes.)

       "In the summer and autumn of 1833, a somewhat similar school was conducted at Independence, Jackson County, Missouri. Elder Parley P. Pratt who was the teacher, gives the following account of this school:

     "'In the latter part of summer and in the autumn, I devoted almost my      entire time in ministering among the churches; holding meetings; visiting      the sick; comforting the afflicted, and giving counsel. A school of      Elders was also organized, over which I was called to preside. This      class, to the number of about sixty, met for instruction once a week.       The place of meeting was in the open air, under some tall trees in a      retired place in the wilderness, where we prayed, preached and      prophesied, and exercised ourselves in the gifts of the Holy Spirit.       Here great blessings were poured out, and many great and marvelous things      were manifested and taught. The Lord gave me great wisdom and enabled me      to teach and edify the Elders, and comfort and encourage them in their      preparations for the great work which lay before us. I was also much      edified and strengthened. To attend this school I had to travel on foot      and sometimes with sometimes with bare feet at that, about six miles.       This I did once a week, besides visiting and preaching in five or six      branches a week.'" (Autobiography of P.P. Pratt, pp. 99-100.)

       (Note: The above is copied from the M.I.A. Manual for the year 1906-1907, Subject: Modern Revelation, pp. 32-34.)

       The Lectures on Faith have not been printed in the current editions of the Doctrine and Covenants, because they are not revelations to the Church.

       The preceding paragraphs will be instructive and enlightening to all, as it will give the information as to how and when these Lectures on Faith were brought forth, as well as their authenticity. The occasion for the printing of these Lectures on Faith at this time is because of a demand for the wonderful information that they contain. Surely, the printing of these Lectures will be the means of an increase of faith among all who read them.

                                  LECTURE FIRST

                                                  Principle

       On the Doctrine of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, originally delivered before a Class of the Elders, in Kirtland, Ohio.

1. Faith being the first principle in revealed religion, and the foundation      of all righteousness, necessarily claims the first place in a  course of      lectures which are designed to unfold to the understanding the doctrine      of Jesus Christ.

2. In presenting the subject of faith, we shall observe the following order       --

3. First, faith itself  --  what it is.

4. Secondly, the object on which it rests, And,

5. Thirdly, the effects which flow from it.

6. Agreeable to this order we have first to show what faith is.

7. The author of the epistle to the Hebrews, in the eleventh chapter of that      epistle and first verse, gives the following definition of the word      faith:

8. "Now faith is the substance (assurance) of things hoped for, the evidence      of things not seen."

9. From this we learn that faith is the assurance which men have of the      existence of things which they have not seen, and the principle of action      in all intelligent beings.

10. If men were duly to consider themselves, and turn their thought and      reflections to the operations of their own minds, they would readily      discover that it is faith, and faith only, which is the moving cause of      all action in them; that without it both mind and body would be in a      state of inactivity, and all their exertions would cease, both physical      and mental.

11. Were this class to go back and reflect upon the history of their lives,      from the period of their first recollection, and ask themselves what      principle excited them to action, or what gave them energy and activity      in all their lawful avocations, callings, and pursuits, what would be the      answer?  Would it not be that it was the assurance which they had of the      existence of things which they had not seen as yet?  Was it not the hope      which you had, in consequence of your belief in the existence of unseen      things, which stimulated you to action and exertion in order to obtain      them?  Are you not dependent on your faith, or belief, for the      acquisition of all knowledge, wisdom, and intelligence?  Would you exert      yourselves to obtain wisdom and intelligence, unless you did believe that      you could obtain them?  Would you have ever sown, if you had not believed      that you would reap? Should you have ever planted, if you had not      believed that you would gather?  Would you have ever asked, unless you      had believed that you would receive?  Would you have ever sought, unless      you had believed that you would have found?  Or, would you have ever      knocked, unless you had believed that it would have been opened unto you?       In a word, is there anything that you would have done, either physical or      mental, if you had not previously believed?  Are not all your exertions      of every kind, dependent on your faith?  Or, may we not ask, what have      you, or what do you possess, which you have not obtained by reason of      your faith?  Your food, your raiment, your lodgings, are they not all by      reason of your faith?  Reflect, and ask yourselves if these things are      not so. Turn your thoughts on your own minds, and see if faith is not      the moving cause of all action in yourselves; and, if the moving cause in      you, is it not in all other intelligent beings?

12. And as faith is the moving cause of all action in temporal concerns, so      it is in spiritual; for the Saviour has said, and that truly, that "He      that believeth and is baptized, shall be saved." Mark 16:16.

13. As we receive by faith all temporal blessings that we do receive, so we      in like manner receive by faith all spiritual blessings that we do      receive. But faith is not only the principle of action, but of power      also, in all intelligent beings, whether in heaven or on earth. Thus      says the author of the epistle to the Hebrews, 11:3  --

14. "Through faith we understand that the worlds were framed by the word of      God; so that things which are seen were not made of things which do      appear."

15. By this we understand that the principle of power which existed in the      bosom of God, by which the worlds were framed, was faith; and that it is      by reason of this principle of power existing in the Deity, that all      created things exist; so that all things in heaven, on earth, or under      the earth exist by reason of faith as it existed in Him.

16. Had it not been for the principle of faith the worlds would never have      been framed neither would man have been formed of the dust. It is the      principle by which Jehovah works, and through which he exercises power      over all temporal as well as eternal things. Take this principle or      attribute  --  for it is an attribute  --  from the Deity, and he would      cease to exist.

17. Who cannot see, that if God framed the worlds by faith, that it is by      faith that he exercises power over them, and that faith is the principle      of power?  And if the principle of power, it must be so in man as well as      in the Deity?  This is the testimony of all the sacred writers, and the      lesson which they have been endeavouring to teach to man.

18. The Saviour says (Matthew 17:19, 20), in explaining the reason why the      disciples could not cast out the devil, that it was because of their      unbelief  --  "For verily I say unto you" (said he), "if ye have faith as      a grain of mustard seed, ye shall say unto this mountain, Remove hence to      yonder place,' and it shall remove; and nothing shall be impossible unto      you."

19. Moroni, while abridging and compiling the record of his fathers, has      given us the following account of faith as the principle of power. He      says, page 597, that it was the faith of Alma and Amulek which caused the      walls of the prison to be rent, as recorded on the 278th page; it was the      faith of Nephi and Lehi which caused a change to be wrought upon the      hearts of the Lamanites, when they were immersed with the Holy Spirit and      with fire, as seen on the 443rd page; and that it was by faith the      mountain Zerin was removed when the brother of Jared spake in the name of      the Lord. See also 599th page.

20. In addition to this we are told in Hebrews 11:32, 33, 34, 35, that      Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, David, Samuel, and the prophets, through      faith subdued Kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped      the mouths of lions, quenched the violence of fire, escaped the edge of      the sword; out of weakness were made strong, waxed valiant in fight,      turned to flight the armies of the aliens, and that women received their      dead raised to life again, etc.

21. Also Joshua, in the sight of all Israel, bade the sun and moon to stand      still, and it was done. Joshua 10:12.

22. We here understand, that the sacred writers say that all these things      were done by faith. It was by faith that the worlds were framed. God      spake, chaos heard, and worlds came into order by reason of the faith      there was in Him. So with man also; he spake by faith in the name of      God, and the sun stood still, the moon obeyed, mountains removed, prisons      fell, lions' mouths were closed, the human heart lost its enmity, fire      its violence, armies their power, the sword its terror, and death its      dominion; and all this by reason of the faith which was in him.

23. Had it not been for the faith which was in men, they might have spoken to      the sun, the moon, the mountains, prisons, the human heart, fire, armies,      the sword, or to death in vain!

24. Faith, then, is the first great governing principle which has power,      dominion, and authority over all things; by it they exist, by it they are      upheld, by it they are changed, or by it they remain, agreeable to the      will of God. Without it there is no power, and without power there could      be no creation nor existence!

               QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON THE FORGOING PRINCIPLES

                What is theology?  It is that revealed science which treats of the being and attributes of God, his relations to us, the dispensations of his providence, his will with respect to our actions, and his purposes with respect to our end. Buck's Theological Dictionary, page 582.

                What is the first principle in this revealed science?  Faith. Lecture 1, 1.

       Why is faith the first principle in this revealed science?  Because it is the foundation of all righteousness. Hebrews 11:6: "Without faith it is impossible to please God."  1 John 3:7:  "Little children, let no man deceive you; he that doeth righteousness, is righteous, even as he (God) is righteous." Lecture 1: 1.

                What arrangement should be followed in presenting the subject of faith?  First, it should be shown what faith is. Lecture 1. 3. Secondly, the object upon which it rests. Lecture 1: 4. And thirdly, the effects which flow from it. Lecture 1. 5.

                What is faith?  It is the assurance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen (Hebrews 11:1); that is, it is the assurance we have of the existence of unseen things. And being the assurance which we have of the existence of unseen things, must be the principle of action in all intelligent beings. Hebrews 11:3: "Through faith we understand the worlds were framed by the word of God." Lecture 1: 8,9.

                How do you prove that faith is the principle of action in all intelligent beings?  First, by duly considering the operations of my own mind; and, secondly, by the direct declaration of Scripture. Hebrews 11:7: "By faith Noah, being warned of things not seen as yet, moved with fear, prepared an ark to the saving of his house, by the which he condemned the world, and became heir of the righteousness which is by faith."  Hebrews 11:8: "By faith Abraham, when he was called to go into a place which he should afterwards receive for an inheritance, obeyed, and he went out not knowing whither he went."  Hebrews 11:9: "By faith he sojourned in the land of promise, as in a strange country, dwelling in tabernacles with Isaac and Jacob, the heirs with him of the same promise."  Hebrews 11:27: By faith Moses "forsook Egypt, not fearing the wrath of the king, for he endured as seeing him who is invisible."  Lecture 1: 10,11.

                Is not faith the principle of action in spiritual things as well as in temporal?  It is.

                How do you prove it?  Hebrews 11:6: "Without faith it is impossible to please God."  Mark 16:16: "He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved."  Romans 4:16: "therefore it is of faith that it might be by grace; to the end the promise might be sure to all the seed; not to that only which is of the law, but to that also which is of the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all."  Lecture 1: 12, 13.

                Is faith anything else beside the principle of action?  It is.

                What is it?  It is the principle of power also. Lecture 1: 13.

                How do you prove it?  First, it is the principle of power in the deity as well as in man. Hebrews 11:3: "Through faith we understand that the worlds were framed by the word of God, so that things which are seen were not made of things which do appear."  Lecture 1: 14, 15, 16. Secondly, it is the principle of power in man also. Book of Mormon, page 278. Alma and Amulek are delivered from prison. Ibid. page 443. Nephi and Lehi, with the Lamanites, are immersed with the Spirit. ibid. page 599. The mountain Zerin, by the faith of the brother of Jared, is removed. Joshua 10:12: "Then spake Joshua to the Lord in the day when the Lord delivered up the Amorites before the children of Israel, and he said, in the sight of Israel, 'Sun, stand thou still upon Gibeon, and thou moon in the valley of Ajalon.'" Joshua 10:13: "And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the people had avenged themselves of their enemies. Is not this written in the book of Jasher?  So the sun stood still in the midst of heaven, and hasted not to go down about a whole day."  Matthew 17:19: "Then came the disciples to Jesus apart, and said, "Why could not we cast him out?'" Matthew 17:20: "And Jesus said unto them, Because of your unbelief; for verily I say unto you, if ye have faith as a grain of mustard seed, ye shall say unto this mountain, 'Remove hence to yonder place,' and it shall remove; and nothing shall be impossible unto you." Hebrews 11:32 and the following verses: "And what shall I say more?  for the time would fait me to tell of Gideon, and of Barak, and of Samson, and of Jephthah, of David also, and Samuel, and of the prophets, who through faith subdued kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions, quenched the violence of fire, escaped the edge of the sword; out of weakness were made strong, waxed valiant in fight, turned to fight the armies of the aliens, women received their dead raised to life again, and others were tortured, not accepting deliverance, that they might obtain a better resurrection."  Lecture 1. 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22.

                How would you define faith in its most unlimited sense?  It is the first great governing principle which has power, dominion, and authority over all things. Lecture 1. 24.

                How do you convey to the understanding more clearly that faith is the first great governing principle which has power, dominion, and authority over all things?  By it they exist, by it they are upheld, by it they are changed, or by it they remain, agreeable to the will of God; and without it there is no power, and without power there could be no creation nor existence! Lecture 1: 24.

                                 LECTURE SECOND

                                        Principles

1. Having shown in our previous lecture "faith itself  --  what it is," we      shall proceed to show, secondly, the object on which it rests.

2. We here observe that God is the only supreme governor and independent      being in whom all fullness and perfection dwell; who is omnipotent,      omnipresent and omniscient; without beginning of days or end of life; and      that in him every good gift and every good principle dwell; and that he      is the Father of lights; in him the principle of faith dwells      independently, and he is the object in whom the faith of all other      rational and accountable beings center for life and salvation.

3. In order to present this part of the subject in a clear and conspicuous      point of light, it is necessary to go back and show the evidences which      mankind have had, and the foundation on which these evidences are, or      were, based since the creation, to believe in the existence of a God.

4. We do not mean those evidences which are manifested by the works of      creation which we daily behold with our natural eyes. We are sensible      that, after a revelation of Jesus Christ, the works of creation,      throughout their vast forms and varieties, clearly exhibit his eternal      power and Godhead. Romans 1:20: "For the invisible things of him from      the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the      things that are made, even his eternal power and Godhead;" but we mean      those evidences by which the first thoughts were suggested to the minds      of men that there was a God who created all things.

5. We shall now proceed to examine the situation of man at his first      creation. Moses, the historian, has given us the following account of      him in the first chapter of the book of Genesis, beginning with the 20th      verse, and closing with the 30th. We copy from the new translation;

6. "And I, God, said unto mine Only Begotten, which was with me from the      beginning, 'Let us make man in our image, after our likeness;' and it was      so.

7. "And I, God, said, 'Let them have dominion over the fishes of the sea,      and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the      earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.'

8. "And I, God, created man in mine own image, in the image of mine Only      Begotten created I him; male and female created I them. And I, God,      blessed them, and said unto them, 'Be fruitful, and multiply, and      replenish the earth, and subdue it; and have dominion over the fish of      the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that      moveth upon the earth.'

9. "And I, God, said unto man, 'Behold, I have given you every herb bearing      seed, which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree in the      which shall be the fruit of a tree yielding seed; to you it shall be for      meat.'"

10. Again, Genesis 2:15, 16, 17, 19, 20: "And I, the Lord God, took the man,      and put him into the garden of Eden, to dress it and to keep it. And I,      the Lord God, commanded the man saying, 'Of every tree of the garden thou      mayest freely eat; but of the tree of knowledge of good and evil thou      shalt not eat of it; nevertheless thou mayest choose for thyself, for it      is given unto thee; but remember that I forbid it, for in the day thou      eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.'

11. "And out of the ground I, the Lord God, formed every beast of the field,      and every fowl of the air, and commanded that they should come unto Adam,      to see what he would call them. And whatsoever Adam called every living      creature, that should be the name thereof. And Adam gave names to all      cattle, and to the fowl of the air, and to every beast of the field."

12. From the foregoing we learn man's situation at his first creation, the      knowledge with which he was endowed, and the high and exalted station in      which he was placed  --  lord or governor of all things on earth, and at      the same time enjoying communion and intercourse with his Maker, without      a vail to separate between. We shall next proceed to examine the account      given of his fall, and of his being driven out of the garden of Eden, and      from the presence of the Lord.

13. Moses proceeds  --  "And they" (Adam and Eve) "heard the voice of the      Lord God, as they were walking in the garden, in the cool of the day; and      Adam and his wife went to hide themselves from the presence of the Lord      God amongst the trees of the garden. And I, the Lord God, called unto      Adam, and said unto him, 'Where goest thou?' And he said, 'I heard thy      voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I beheld that I was naked,      and I hid myself."

14. "And I, the Lord God, said unto Adam, 'Who told thee thou wast naked?       Hast thou eaten of the tree whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldst      not eat?  If so, thou shouldst surely die?' And the man said, 'The woman      whom thou gavest me, and commandedst that she should remain with me, gave      me of the fruit of the tree, and I did eat.'

15. "And I, the Lord God, said unto the woman, 'What is this thing which thou      hast done?' And the woman said, 'The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat.'

16. And again, the Lord said unto the woman, "I will greatly multiply thy      sorrow, and thy conception. In sorrow thou shalt bring forth children;      and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee.

17. "And unto Adam, I, the Lord God, said, 'Because thou hast hearkened unto      the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the fruit of the tree of which I      commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it! cursed shall be the      ground for thy sake; in sorrow thou shalt eat of it all the days of thy      life. Thorns also, and thistles shall it bring forth in thee, and thou      shalt eat the herb of the field. By the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat      bread, until thou shalt return unto the ground  --  for thou shalt surely      die  --  for out of it wast thou taken; for dust thou wast, and unto dust      shalt thou return.'" This was immediately followed by the fulfillment of      what we previously said  --  Man was driven or sent out of Eden.

18. Two important items are shown from the former quotations. First, after      man was created, he was not left without intelligence or understanding,      to wander in darkness and spend an existence in ignorance and doubt (on      the great and important point which effected his happiness) as to the      real fact by whom he was created, or unto whom he was amenable for his      conduct. God conversed with him face to face. In His presence he was      permitted to stand, and from His own mouth he was permitted to receive      instruction. He heard His voice, walked before Him and gazed upon His      glory, while intelligence burst upon his understanding, and enabled him      to give names to the vast assemblage of his Maker's works.

19. Secondly, we have seen, that though man did transgress, his transgression      did not deprive him of the previous knowledge with which he was endowed      relative to the existence and glory of his Creator; for no sooner did he      hear His voice than he sought to hide himself from His presence.

20. Having shown, then, in the first instance, that God began to converse      with man immediately after he "breathed into his nostrils the breath of      life," and that he did not cease to manifest himself to him, even after      his fall, we shall next proceed to show, that though he was cast out from      the garden of Eden, his knowledge of the existence of God was not lost,      neither did God cease to manifest his will unto him.

21. We next proceed to present the account of the direct revelation which man      received after he was cast out of Eden, and further copy form the new      translation  --

22. After Adam had been driven out of the garden, he "began to till the      earth, and to have dominion over all the beasts of the field, and to eat      his bread by the sweat of his brow, as  the Lord had commanded him."  And      he called upon the name of the Lord, and so did Eve, his wife, also. "And      they heard the voice of the Lord, from the way toward the garden of Eden,      speaking unto them, and they saw him not, for they were shut out from his      presence; and he gave unto them commandments that they should worship the      Lord their God, and should offer the firstlings of their flocks for an      offering unto the Lord. And Adam was obedient unto the commandments of      the Lord.

23. "And after many days an angel of the Lord appeared unto Adam, saying,      'What dost thou offer sacrifices unto the Lord?' And Adam said unto him,      'I know not; save the Lord commanded me.'

24. "And then the angel spake, saying 'This thing is a similitude of the      sacrifice of the Only Begotten of the Father, who is full of grace and      truth. And thou shalt do all that thou doest in the name of the Son, and      thou shalt repent and call upon God in the name of the Son for evermore.'      And in that day the Holy Ghost fell upon Adam, which heareth record of      the Father and the Son."

25. This last quotation, or summary, shows this important fact, that though      our first parents were driven out of the garden of Eden, and were even      separated from the presence of God by a veil, they still retained a      knowledge of his existence, and that sufficiently to move them to call      upon him. And further, that no sooner was the plan of redemption      revealed to man, and he began to call upon God, than the Holy Spirit was      given, bearing record of the Father and Son.

26. Moses also gives us an account, in the fourth of Genesis, of the      transgression of Cain, and the righteousness of Abel, and of the      revelations of God to them. He says, "In process of time, Cain brought      of the fruit of the ground an offering unto the Lord. And Abel also      brought of the firstlings of his flock, and of the fat thereof. And the      Lord had respect unto Abel, and to his offering; but unto Cain and to his      offering he had not respect. Now Satan knew this, and it please him.       And Cain was very wroth, and his countenance fell. And the Lord said      unto Cain, 'Why art thou wroth?  Why is thy countenance fallen?  If thou      doest well, thou shalt be accepted. And if thou doest not well, sin      lieth at the door, and Satan desireth to have thee; and except thou shalt      hearken unto my commandments, I will deliver thee up, and it shall be      unto thee according to his desire.'

27. "And Cain went into the field, and Cain talked with Abel, his brother.       And it came to pass that while they were in the field, Cain rose up      against Abel, his brother, and slew him. And cain gloried in that, which      he had done, saying, 'I am free; surely the flocks of my brother falleth      unto my hands.'

28. "But the Lord said unto Cain, 'Where is Abel, thy brother?' And he said,      'I know not. Am I my brother's keeper?' And the Lord said, 'What hast      thou done?  the voice of thy brother's blood cries unto me from the      ground. And now, thou shalt be cursed from the earth which hath opened      her mouth to receive thy brother's blood from thy hand. When thou      tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth yield unto thee her strength.       A fugitive and a vagabond shalt thou be in the earth.'

29. "And Cain said unto the Lord, 'Satan tempted me because of my brother's      flocks. And I was wroth also; for his offering thou didst accept and not      mine; my punishment is greater than I can bear. Behold thou hast driven      me out this day from the face of the Lord, and from thy face shall I be      hid; and I shall be a fugitive and a vagabond in the earth; and it shall      come to pass that he that findeth me will slay me because of mine      iniquities, for these things are not hid from the Lord.' And the Lord      said unto him, 'Whosoever slayeth thee, vengeance shall be taken on him      sevenfold.' And I the Lord set a mark upon cain, lest any finding him      should kill him."

30. The object of the foregoing quotations is to show to this class the way      by which mankind were first made acquainted with the existence of a God;      that it was by a manifestation of God to man, and that God continued,      after man's transgression, to manifest himself to him and to his      posterity; and, notwithstanding they were separated from his immediate      presence that they could not see his face, they continued to hear his      voice.

31. Adam, thus being made acquainted with God, communicated the knowledge      which he had unto his posterity; and it was through this means that the      thought was first suggested to their minds that there was a God, which      laid the foundation for the exercise of their faith, through which they      could obtain a knowledge of his character and also of his glory.

32. Not only was there a manifestation made unto Adam of the existence of a      God; but Moses informs us, as before quoted, that God condescended to      talk with Cain after his great transgression in slaying his brother, and      that Cain knew that it was the Lord that was talking with him, so that      when he was driven out from the presence of his brethren, he carried with      him the knowledge of the existence of a God; and, through this means,      doubtless, his posterity became acquainted with the fact that such a      Being existed.

33. From this we can see that the whole human family in the early age of      their existence, in all their different branches, had this knowledge      disseminated among them; so that the existence of God became an object of      faith in the early age of the world. And the evidences which these men      had of the existence of a God, was the testimony of their fathers in the      first instance.

34. The reason why we have been thus particular on this part of our subject,      is that this class may see by what means it was that God became an object      of faith among men after the fall; and what it was that stirred up the      faith of multitudes to feel after him  --  to search after a knowledge of      his character, perfections and attributes, until they became extensively      acquainted with him, and not only commune with him and behold his glory,      but be partakers of his power and stand in his presence.

35. Let this class mark particularly, that the testimony which these men had      of the existence of a God, was the testimony of man; for previous to the      time that any of Adam's posterity had obtained a manifestation of God to      themselves, Adam, their common father, had testified unto them of the      existence of God, and of his eternal power and Godhead.

36. For instance, Abel, before he received the assurance from heaven that his      offerings were acceptable unto God, had received the important      information of his father that such a Being did exist, who had created      and who did uphold all things. Neither can there be a doubt existing on      the mind of any person, that Adam was the first who did communicate the      knowledge of the existence of a God to his posterity; and that the whole      faith of the world, form that time down to the present, is in a certain      degree dependent on the knowledge first communicated to them by their      common progenitor; and it has been handed down to the day and generation      in which we live, as we shall show from the face of the sacred records.

37. First, Adam was 130 years old when Seth was born. Genesis 5:3. and the      days of Adam, after he had begotten Seth, were 800 years, making him 930      years old when he died. Genesis 5:4, 5. Seth was 105 when Enos was born      (verse 6); Enos was 90 when Cainan was born (verse 9); Cainan was 70 when      Mahalaleel was born (verse 12); Mahalaleel was 65 when Jared was born      (verse 15); Jared was 162 when Enoch was born (verse 18); Enoch was 65      when Methuselah was born (verse 21); Methuselah was 187 when Lamech was      born (verse 25); Lamech was 182 when Noah was born (verse 28).

38. From this account it appears that Lamech, the 9th from Adam, and the      father of Noah, was 56 years old when Adam died; Methuselah, 243; Enoch,      308; Jared, 470; Mahalaleel, 535; Cainan, 605; Enos, 695; and Seth, 800.

39. So that Lamech the father of Noah, Methuselah, Enoch, Jared, Mahalaleel,      Cainan, Enos, Seth, and Adam, were all living at the same time, and      beyond all controversy, were all preachers of righteousness.

40. Moses further informs us that Seth lived after he begat Enos, 807 years,      making him 912 years old at his death. Genesis 5:7, 8. And Enos lived      after he begat Cainan, 815 years, making him 905 years old when he died      (verses 10, 11). And Cainan lived after he begat Mahalaleel, 840 years,      making him 910 years old at his death (verses 13, 14). And Mahalaleel      lived after he begat Jared, 830 years, making 895 years old when he died      (verses 16, 17). And Jared lived after he begat Enoch, 800 years, making      him 962 years old at his death (verses 19, 20). And Enoch walked with God      after he begat Methuselah 300 years, making him 365 years old when he was      translated (verses 22, 23)*. And Methuselah lived after he begat Lamech,      782 years, making him 969 years old when he died (verses 26, 27). Lamech      lived after he begat Noah, 595 years, making him 777 years old when he      died (verses 30, 31).

41. Agreeable to this account, Adam died in the 930th year of the world;      Enoch was translated in the 987th,* Seth died in the 1042nd; Enos in the      1140th; Cainan in the 1235th; Mahalaleel in the 1290th; Jared in the      1422nd; Lamech in the 1651st; and Methuselah in the 1656th, it being the      same year in which the flood came.

42. So that Noah was 84 years old when Enos died, 176 when cainan died, 234      when Mahalaleel died, 366 when Jared died, 595 when Lamech died, and 600      when Methuselah died.

43. We can see from this that Enos, Cainan, Mahalaleel, Jared, Methuselah,      Lamech, and Noah, all lived on the earth at the same time; and the Enos,      Cainan, Mahalaleel, Jared, Methuselah, and lamech, were all acquainted      with both Adam and Noah.

44. From the foregoing it is easily to be seen, not only how the knowledge of      God came into the world, but upon what principle it was preserved; that      from the time it was first communicated, it was retained in the minds of      righteous men, who taught not only their own posterity but the world; so      that there was no need of a new revelation to man, after Adam's creation      to Noah, to give them the first idea or notion of the existence of a God;      and not only of a God, but the true and living God.

45. Having traced the chronology of the world from Adam to Noah, we will now      trace it from Noah to Abraham. Noah was 502 years old when Shem was      born; 98 years afterwards the flood came, being the 600th year of Noah's      age. And Moses informs us that Noah lived after the flood 350 years,      making him 950 years old when he died. Genesis 9:28, 29.

46. Shem was 100 years old when Arphaxad was born. Genesis 11:10. Arphaxad      was 35 when Salah was born (11:12); Salah was 30 when Eber was born      (11:14); Eber was 34 when Peleg was born, in whose days the earth was      divided (11:16); Peleg was 30 when Reu was born (11:18); Reu was 32 when      Serug was born (11:20); Serug was 30 when Nahor was born (11:22); Nahor      was 29 when Terah was born (11:24); Terah was 70 when Haran and Abraham      were born (11:26).

47. There is some difficulty in the account given by Moses of Abraham's      birth. Some have supposed that Abraham was not born until Terah was 130      years old. This conclusion is drawn from a variety of scriptures, which      are not to our purpose at present to quote. Neither is it a matter of      any consequence to us whether Abraham was born when Terah was 70 years      old, or 130. But in order that there may no doubt exist upon any mind in      relation to the object lying immediately before us, in presenting the      present chronology we will date the birth of Abraham at the latest      period, that is, when Terah was 130 years old. It appears from this      account that from the flood to the birth of Abraham, was 352 years.

48. Moses informs us that Shem lived after he begat Arphaxad, 500 years      (11:11); this added to 100 years, which was his age when Arphaxad was      born, makes him 600 years old when he died. Arphaxad lived, after he      begat Salah, 403 years (11:13); this added to 35 years, which was his age      when Salah was born, makes him 438 years old when he died. Salah lived      after he begat Eber, 403 years (11:15); this added to 30 years, which was      his age when Eber was born, makes him 433 years old when he died. Eber      lived after he begat Peleg, 430 years (11:17); this added to 34 years,      which was his age when Peleg was born, makes him 464 years old. Peleg      lived after he begat Reu, 209 years (11:19); this added to 30 years,      which was his age when Reu was born makes him 239 years old when he died.       Reu lived after he begat Serug 207 years (11:21); this added to 32 years,      which was his age when Serug was born, makes him 239 years old when he      died. Serug lived after he begat Nahor, 200 years (11:23); this added to      30 years, which was his age when Nahor was born, makes him 230 years old      when he died. Nahor lived after he begat Terah, 119 years (11:25)_; this      added to 29 years, which was his age when Terah was born, makes him 148      years when he died. Terah was 130 years old when Abraham was born, and      is supposed to have lived 75 years after his birth, making him 205 years      old when he died.

49. Agreeable to this last account. Peleg died in the 1996th year of the      world, Nahor in the 1997th, and Noah in the 2006th. So that Peleg, in      whose days the earth was divided, and Nahor, the grandfather of Abraham,      both died before Noah  --  the former being 239 years old, and the latter      148; and who cannot but see that they must have had a long and intimate      acquaintance with Noah?

50. Reu died in the 2026th year of the world, Serug in the 2049th, Terah in      the 2083rd, Arphaxad in the 2096th, Salah in the 2126th, Shem in the      2158th, Abraham in the 2183rd, and Eber in the 2187th, which was four      years after Abraham's death. And Eber was the fourth from Noah.

51. Nahor, Abraham's brother, was 58 years old when Noah died, Terah 128,      Serug 187, Reu 219, Eber 283, Salah 313, Arphaxad 344, and Shem 448.

52. It appears from this account, that Nahor, brother of Abraham, Terah,      Nahor, Serug, Reu, Peleg, Eber, Salah, Arphaxad, Shem, and Noah, all      lived on the earth at the same time; and that Abraham was 18 years old      when Reu died, 41 when Serug and his brother Nahor died, 75 when Terah      died, 88 when Arphaxad died, 118 when Salah died, 150 when Shem died, and      that Eber lived four years after Abraham's death. And that Shem,      Arphaxad, Salah, Eber, Reu, Serug, Terah, and Nahor, the brother of      Abraham, and Abraham, lived at the same time. And that Nahor, brother of      Abraham, terah, Serug, Reu, Eber, Salah, Arphaxad, and Shem, were all      acquainted with both Noah and Abraham.

53. We have now traced the chronology of the world agreeable to the account      given in our present Bible, from Adam to Abraham, and have clearly      determined, beyond the power of controversy, that there was no difficulty      in preserving the knowledge of God in the world from the creation of      Adam, and the manifestation made to his immediate descendants, as set      forth in the former part of this lecture; so that the students in this      class need not have any doubt resting on their minds on this subject, for      they can easily see that it is impossible for it to be otherwise, but      that the knowledge of the existence of a God must have continued from      father to son, as a matter of tradition at least; for we cannot suppose      that a knowledge of this important fact could have existed in the mind of      any of the before-mentioned individuals, without their having made it      known to their posterity.

54. We have now shown how it was that the first thought ever existed in the      mind of any individual that there was such a Being as a God, who had      created and did uphold all things; that it was by reason of the      manifestation which He first made to our father Adam, when he stood in      His presence, and conversed with Him face to face, at the time of his      creation.

55. Let us here observe, that after any portion of the human family are made      acquainted with the important fact that there is a God, who has created      and does uphold all things, the extent of their knowledge respecting his      character and glory will depend upon their diligence and faithfulness in      seeking after him, until, like Enoch, the brother of Jared, and Moses,      they shall obtain faith in God, and power with him to behold him face to      face.

56. We have now clearly set forth how it is, and how it was, that God became      an object of faith for rational beings; and also, upon what foundation      the testimony was based which excited the inquiry and diligent search of      the ancient saints to seek after and obtain a knowledge of the glory of      God; and we have seen that it was human testimony, and human testimony      only, that excited this inquiry, in the first instance, in their minds.       It was the credence they gave to the testimony of their fathers, this      testimony having aroused their minds to inquire after the knowledge of      God; the inquiry frequently terminated, indeed always terminated when      rightly pursued, in the most glorious discoveries and eternal certainty.

               QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON THE FORGOING PRINCIPLES

                Is there a being who has faith in himself, independently?  There is.

                Who is it?  It is God.

                How do you prove that God has faith in himself independently?  Because he is omnipotent, omnipresent, and omniscient; without beginning of days or end of life, and in him all fullness dwells. Ephesians 1:23: "Which is his body, the fullness of him that filleth all in all." Colossians 1:19: "For it pleased the Father that in him should all fullness dwell." Lecture 2:2.

                Is he the object in whom the faith of all other rational and accountable beings center, for life and salvation?  He is.

                How do you prove it?  Isaiah 14:22: "Look unto me and be ye saved, all the ends of the earth; for I am God, and there is none else."  Romans 11:34, 35, 36: "For who hath known the mind of the Lord; or who hath been his counselor?  or who hath first given to him, and it shall be recompensed unto him again?  For of him, and through him, and to him, are all things, to whom be glory for ever. Amen."  Isaiah 40: from the 9th to the 18th verses: "O Zion, that bringest good tidings; (or, O thou that tellest good tidings to Zion) get thee up into the high mountain; O Jerusalem, that bringest good tidings; (or, O thou that tellest good tidings to Jerusalem) lift up thy voice with strength; life it up, be not afraid; say unto the cities of Judah, Behold your God!  Behold the Lord your God will come with strong hand (or, against the strong); and his arm shall rule for him; behold, his reward is with him, and his work before him (or, recompense for his work). He shall feed his flock like a shepherd; he shall gather his lambs with him arms, and carry them in his bosom, and shall gently lead those that are with young. Who hath measured the waters in the hollow of his hand, and meted out heaven with the span, and comprehended the dust of the earth in a measure, weighted the mountains in scales, and the hills in a balance?  Who hath directed the Spirit of the Lord, or, being his counselor, hath taught him?  with whom took he counsel, and who instructed him and taught him in the past of judgment, and taught him knowledge and showed to him the way of understanding?  Behold, the nations are as a drop of a bucket and are counted as the small dust of the balance; behold, he taketh up the isles as a very little thing. And Lebanon is not sufficient to burn, nor the beast thereof sufficient for a burnt offering. All nations are before him as nothing, and they are counted to him less than nothing, and vanity."  Jeremiah 51:15, 16: "He (the Lord) hath made the earth by his power, he hath established the world by his wisdom, and hath stretched out the heaven by his understanding. When he uttereth his voice there is a multitude of waters in the heavens, and he causeth the vapors to ascend from the ends of the earth; he maketh lightnings with rain, and bringeth forth the wind out of his treasures. 1 Corinthians 8:6: "but to us there is but one God, the Father, of whom are all things, and we in him; and one Lord Jesus Christ by whom are all things, and we by him." Lecture 2:2.

                How did men first come to the knowledge of the existence of a God, so as to exercise faith in him?  In order to answer this question, it will be necessary to go back and examine man at his creation; the circumstances in which he was placed, and the knowledge which he had of God. Lecture 2:3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. First, when man was created he stood in the presence of God. Genesis 1:27, 28. From this we learn that man, at his creation, stood in the presence of his God, and had most perfect knowledge of his existence. Secondly, God conversed with him after his transgression. Genesis 3: from the 8th to the 22nd. Lecture 2: 13, 14, 15, 16, 17. From this we learn that, though man did transgress, he was not deprived of the previous knowledge which he had of the existence of God. Lecture 2: 19. Thirdly, God conversed with man after he cast him out of the garden. Lecture 2: 22, 23, 24, 25. Fourthly, God also conversed with Cain after he had slain Abel.   Genesis 4: from the 4th to the 6th. Lecture 2: 30, 31, 32, 33.

                What is the object of the foregoing quotation?  It is that it may be clearly seen how it was that the first thoughts were suggested to the minds of men of the existence of God, and how extensively this knowledge was spread among the immediate descendants of Adam. Lecture 2: 30, 31, 32, 33.

                What testimony had the immediate descendants of Adam, in proof of the existence of God?  The testimony of their father. And after they were made acquainted with his existence, by the testimony of their father, they were dependent upon the exercise of their own faith, for a knowledge of his character, perfections, and attributes. Lecture 2: 23, 24, 25, 26.

                Had any other of the human family, besides Adam, a knowledge of the existence of God, in the first instance, by any other means than human testimony?  They had not. For previous to the time that they could have power to obtain a manifestation for themselves, the all-important fact had been communicated to them by their common father; and so from father to child the knowledge was communicated as extensively as the knowledge of his existence was known; for it was by this means, in the first instance, that men had a knowledge of his existence. Lecture 2: 35, 36.

                How do you know that the knowledge of the existence of God was communicated in this manner, throughout the different ages of the world?  By the chronology obtained through the revelations of God.

                How would you divide that chronology in order to convey it to the understanding clearly?  Into two parts  --  First, by embracing that period of the world from Adam to Noah; and secondly, from Noah to Abraham; from which period the knowledge of the existence of God has been so general that it is a matter of no dispute in what manner the idea of his existence has been retained in the world.

                How many noted righteous men lived from Adam to Noah?  Nine; which includes Abel, who was slain by his brother.

                What are their names?  Abel, Seth, Enos, Cainan, Mahalaleel, Jared, Enoch, Methuselah, and Lamech.

                How old was Adam when Seth was born?  One hundred and thirty years. Genesis 5:3.

                How many years did Adam live after Seth was born?  Eight hundred.  Genesis 5:4.

                How old was Adam when he died?  Nine hundred and thirty years. Genesis 5:5.

                How old was Seth when Enos was born?  One hundred and five years.  Genesis 5:6.

                How old was Enos when Cainan was born?  Ninety years. Genesis 5:9.

                How old was Cainan when Mahalaleel was born?  Seventy years. Genesis 5:12.

                How old was Mahalaleel when Jared was born?  Sixty-five years. Genesis 5:15.

                How old was Jared when Enoch was born?  One hundred and sixty-two years.  Genesis 5:18.

                How old was Enoch when Methuselah was born?  Sixty-five years. Genesis 5:21.

                How old was Methuselah when Lamech was born?  One hundred and eighty-seven years. Genesis 5:25.

                How old was Lamech when Noah was born?  One hundred and eighty-two years.  Genesis 5:28. For this chronology, see Lecture 2: 37.

                How many years, according to this account, was it from Adam to Noah?  One thousand and fifty-six years.

                How old was Lamech when Adam died?  Lamech, the ninth from Adam (including Abel), and father of Noah, was fifty-six years old when Adam died.

                How old was Methuselah?  Two hundred and forty-three years.

                How old was Enoch?  Three hundred and eight years.

                How old was Jared?  Four hundred and seventy years.

       How old was Mahalaleel?  Five hundred and thirty-five years.

                How old was Cainan? Six hundred and five years.

`               How old was Enos?  Six hundred and ninety-five years.

                How old was Seth?  Eight hundred years. For this item of the account, see Lecture 2: 38.

                How many of these noted men were contemporary with Adam?  Nine.

                What are their names?  Abel, Seth, Enos, Cainan, Mahalaleel, Jared, Enoch, Methuselah and Lamech. Lecture 2:39.

                How long did Seth live after Enos was born?  Eight hundred and seven years. Genesis 5:7.

                What was Seth's age when he died?  Nine hundred and twelve years.  Genesis 5:8.

                How long did Enos live after Cainan was born?  Eight hundred and fifteen years. Genesis 5:10.

                What was Enos's age when he died?  Nine hundred and five years. Genesis 5:11.

                How long did Cainan live Mahalaleel was born?  Eight hundred and forty years. Genesis 5:13.

                What was Cainan's age when he died?  Nine hundred and ten years. Genesis 5:14.

                How long did Mahalaleel live after Jared was born?  Eight hundred and thirty years. Genesis 5:17.

                What was Mahalaleel's age when he died?  Eight hundred and ninety-five years. Genesis 5:17.

                How long did Jared live after Enoch was born? Eight hundred years.  Genesis 5:19.

                What was Jared's age when he died?  Nine hundred and sixty-two years.  Genesis 5:20.

                How long did Enoch walk with God after Methuselah was born?  Three hundred years. Genesis 5:22.

                What was Enoch's age when he was translated?  Three hundred and sixty-five years. Genesis 5:23.*

                *For Enoch's age, see Doctrine and Covenants 107:49.

                How long did Methuselah live after Lamech was born?  Seven hundred and eighty-two years. Genesis 5:26.

                What was Methuselah's age when he died?  Nine hundred and sixty-nine years. Genesis 5:27.

                How long did Lamech live after Noah was born?  Five hundred and ninety-five years. Genesis 5:27.

                What was Lamech's age when he died?  Seven hundred and seventy-seven years. Genesis 5:31. For the account of the last item see Lecture 2:40.

                In what year of the world did Adam die?  In the nine hundred and thirtieth.

                In what year was Enoch translated?* In the nine hundred and eighty-seventh.

                In what year did Seth die?  In one thousand and forty-second.

                In what year did Enos die?  In the eleven hundred and fortieth.

                In what year did Cainan die?  In the twelve hundred and thirty-fifth.

                In what year did Mahalaleel die?  In the twelve hundred and ninetieth.

                In what year did Jared die?  In the fourteen hundred and twenty-second.

                In what year did Lamech die?  In the sixteen hundred and fifty-first.

                In what year did Methuselah die?  In the sixteen hundred and fifty-sixth.  For this account see Lecture 2:41.

                How old was Noah when Enos died?  Eighty-four years.

                How old when Cainan died?  One hundred and seventy-nine years.

                How old when Mahalaleel died?  Two hundred and thirty-four years.

                How old when Jared died?  Three hundred and sixty-six years.

                How old when Lamech died?  Five hundred and ninety-five years.

                How old when Methuselah died?  Six hundred years. See Lecture 2:42, for the last item.

                How many of those men lived in the days of Noah?  Six.

                What are their names?  Enos, Cainan, Mahalaleel, Jared, Methuselah, and Lamech. Lecture 2:43.

                How many of those men lived in the days of Noah?  Six.

                What are their names?  Enos, Cainan, Mahalaleel, Jared, Methuselah, and Lamech. Lecture 2:43.

                According to the foregoing account how was the knowledge of the existence of God first suggested to the minds of men?  By the manifestation made to our father Adam, when he was in the presence of God, both before and while he was in Eden. Lecture 2:44.

                How was the knowledge of the existence of God disseminated among the inhabitants of the world?  By tradition from father to son. Lecture 2:44.

                How old was Noah when Shem was born?  Five hundred and two years.  Genesis 5:32.

                What was the term of years from the birth of Shem to the flood?  Ninety-eight.

                What was the term of years that Noah lived after the flood?  Three hundred and fifty. Genesis 9:28.

                What was Noah's age when he died?  Nine hundred and fifty years. Genesis 9:29. Lecture 2:45.

                What was Shem's age when Arphaxad was born?  One hundred years. Genesis 11:10.

                What was Arphaxad's age when Salah was born?  Thirty-five years. Genesis 11:12.

                What was Salah's age when Eber was born?  Thirty years. Genesis 11:16.

                What was Eber's age when Peleg was born?  Thirty-four years. Genesis 11:14.

                What was Peleg's age when Reu was born?  Thirty years. Genesis 11:18.

                What was Reu's age when Serug was born?  Thirty-two years. Genesis 11:20.

                What was Serug's age when Nahor was born?  Thirty years. Genesis 11:22.

                What was Nahor's age when Terah was born?  Twenty-nine years. Genesis 11:24.

                What was Terah's age when Nahor (the father of Abraham) was born? Seventy years. Genesis 11:26.

                What was Terah's age when Abraham was born?  Some suppose one hundred and thirty years, and others seventy. Genesis 11:26. Lecture 2:46.

                What was the number of years from the flood to the birth of Abraham?  Supposing Abraham to have been born when Terah was one hundred and thirty years old, it was three hundred and fifty-two years; but if he was born when Terah was seventy years old, it was two hundred and ninety-two years. Lecture 2:47.

                How long did Shem live after Arphaxad was born?  Five hundred years.  Genesis 11:11.

                What was Shem's age when he died?  Six hundred years. Genesis 11:11.

                What number of years did Arphaxad live after Salah was born?  Four hundred and three years. Genesis 11:13.

                What was Arphaxad's age when he died?  Four hundred and thirty-three years.

                What number of years did Eber live after Peleg was born?  Four hundred and three years.

                What was Salah's age when he died?  Four hundred and thirty-three years.

                What number of years did Eber live after Peleg was born?  Four hundred and thirty years. Genesis 11:17.

                What was Eber's age when he died?  Four hundred and sixty-four years.

                What number of years did Peleg live after Reu was born?  Two hundred and nine years. Genesis 11:19.

                What was Peleg's age when he died?  Two hundred and thirty-nine years.

                What number of years did Reu live after Serug was born?  Two hundred and seven years. Genesis 11:21.

                What was Reu's age when he died?  Two hundred and thirty years.

                What number of years did Serug live after Nahor was born?  Two hundred years. Genesis 11:23.

                What was Serug's age when he died?  Two hundred and thirty years.

                What number of years did Nahor live after Terah was born?  One hundred and nineteen years. Genesis 11:25.

                What was Nahor's age when he died?  One hundred and forty-eight years.

                What number of years did Terah live after Abraham was born?  Supposing Terah to have been one hundred and thirty years old when Abraham was born, he lived seventy-five years; but if Abraham was born when Terah was seventy-five years old, he lived one hundred and thirty-five.

                What was Terah's age when he died?  Two hundred and five years. Genesis 11:32. For this account, from the birth of Arphaxad to the death of Terah, see Lecture 2:48.

                In what year of the world did Peleg die?  Agreeable to the foregoing chronology, he died in the nineteen hundred and ninety-sixth year of the world.

                In what year of the world did Nahor die?  In the nineteen hundred and ninety-seventh.

                In what year of the world did Noah die?  In the two thousand and sixth.

                In what year of the world did Reu die?  In the two thousand and twenty-sixth.

                In what year of the world did Serug die?  In the two thousand and forty-ninth.

                In what year of the world did Terah die?  In the two thousand and ninety-sixth.

                In what year of the world did Salah die?  In the twenty-one hundred and twenty-sixth.

                In what year of the world did Abraham die?  In the twenty-one hundred and eighty-third.

                In what year of the world did Eber die? In the twenty-one hundred and eighty-seventh. For this account of the year of the world in which those men died, see Lecture 2:49,50.

                How old was Nahor (Abraham's brother) when Noah died?  Fifty-eight years.

                How old was Terah?  One hundred and twenty-eight.

                How old was Serug?  One hundred and eighty-seven.

                How old was Reu?  Two hundred and nineteen.

                How old was Eber?  Two hundred and eighty-three.

                How old was Salah?  Three hundred and thirteen.

                How old was Arphaxad?  Three hundred and forty-eight.

                For the last account see Lecture 2:51.

                How old was Abraham when Reu died?  Eighteen years, if he was born when Terah was one hundred and thirty years old.

                What was his age when Serug and Nahor (Abraham's brother) died?  Forty-one years.

                What was his age when Terah died?  Seventy-five years.

                What was his age when Arphaxad died?  Eighty-eight.

                What was his age when Salah died?  One hundred and eighteen years.

                What was his age when Shem died?  One hundred and fifty years. For this see Lecture 2: 52.

                How many noted characters lived from Noah to Abraham?  Ten.

                What are their names?  Shem, Arphaxad, Salah, Eber, Peleg, Reu, Serug, Nahor, Terah, and Nahor, (Abraham's brother). Lecture 2:52.

                How many of these were contemporary with Noah?  The whole.

                How many with Abraham?  Eight.

                What are their names?  Nahor (Abraham's brother), Terah, Serug, Reu, Eber, Salah, Arphaxad, and Shem. Lecture 2: 52.

                How many were contemporary with both Noah and Abraham?  Eight.

                What are their names?  Shem, Arphaxad, Salah, Eber, Reu, Serug, Terah, and Nahor (Abraham's brother). Lecture 2:52.

                Did any of these men die before Noah?  They did.

                Who were they?  Peleg, in whose days the earth was divided, and Nahor, (Abraham's grandfather). Lecture 2:49.

                Did any one of them live longer than Abraham?  There was one. Lecture 2:50.

                Who was he?  Eber, the fourth from Noah. Lecture 2:50.

                In whose days was the earth divided?  In the days of Peleg.

                Where have we the account given that the earth was divided in the days of Peleg?  Genesis 10:25.

                Can you repeat the sentence?  "Unto Eber were born two sons; the name of one was Peleg, for in his days the earth was divided."

                What testimony have men, in the first instance, that there is a God?  Human testimony, and human testimony only. Lecture 2:56.

                What excited the ancient saints to seek diligently after a knowledge of the glory of God, his perfections and attributes?  The credence they gave to the testimony of their fathers. Lecture 2:56.

                How do men obtain a knowledge of the glory of God, his perfections and attributes?  By devoting themselves to his service, through prayer and supplication incessantly strengthening their faith in him, until, like Enoch, the brother of Jared, and Moses, they obtain a manifestation of God to themselves. Lecture 2:55.

                Is the knowledge of the existence of God a matter of mere tradition, founded upon human testimony alone, until persons receive a manifestation of God to themselves?  It is.

                How do you prove it?  From the whole of the first and second lectures.

                                 LECTURE THIRD

                            Principles

1. In the second lecture it was shewn how it was that the knowledge of the      existence of God came into the world, and by what means the first      thoughts were suggested to the minds of men that such a Being did      actually exist; and that it was by reason of the knowledge of his      existence that there was a foundation laid for the exercise of faith in      him, as the only Being in whom faith could center for life and salvation;      for faith could not center in a Being of whose existence we have no idea,      because the idea of his existence in the first instance is essential to      the exercise of faith in him. Romans 10:14: "How then shall they call on      him in whom they have not believed? and how shall they believe in him of      whom they have not heard?  and how shall they hear without a preacher (or      one sent to tell them)? So, then, faith comes by hearing the word of      God." (New Translation).

2. Let us here observe, that three things are necessary in order that any      rational and intelligent being may exercise faith in God unto life and      salvation.

3. First, the idea that he actually exists.

4. Secondly, a correct idea of his character, perfections, and attributes.

5. Thirdly, an actual knowledge that the course of life which he is pursuing      is according to his will. For without an acquaintance with these three      important facts, the faith of every rational being must be imperfect and      unproductive; but with this understanding it can become perfect and      fruitful, abounding in righteousness, unto the praise and glory of God      the Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ.

6. Having previously been made acquainted with the way the idea of his      existence came into the world, as well as the fact of his existence, we      shall proceed to examine his character, perfections, and attributes, in      order that this class may see, not only the just grounds which they have      for the exercise of faith in him for life and salvation, but the reasons      that all the world, also, as far as the idea of his existence extends,      may have to exercise faith in him, the Father of all living.

7. As we have been indebted to a revelation which God made of himself to his      creatures, in the first instance, for the idea of his existence, so in      like manner we are indebted to the revelations which he has given to us      for a correct understanding of his character, perfections, and      attributes; because without the revelations which he has given to us, no      man by searching could find out God. Job. 11:7, 8, 9. 1 Corinthians      2:9, 10, 11. "But as it is written, eye hath not seen, nor ear heard,      neither have entered into the heart of man, the things which God hath      prepared for them that love him; but God hath revealed them unto us by      his Spirit, for the Spirit searcheth all things, yea, the deep things of      God. For what man knoweth the things of a man, save the spirit of man      which is in him?  Even so, the things of God knoweth no man but the      Spirit of God."

8. Having said so much we proceed to examine the character which the      revelations have given of God.

9. Moses gives us the following account in Exodus 34:6: "And the Lord passed      by before him, and proclaimed, "The Lord God, the Lord God, merciful and      gracious, long-suffering and abundant in goodness and truth,'" Psalms      103:6, 7, 8: "The Lord executeth righteousness and judgment for all that      are oppressed. He made known his ways unto Moses, his acts unto the      children of Israel. The Lord is merciful and gracious, slow to anger and      plenteous in mercy."  Psalms 103:17, 18: "But the mercy of the Lord is      from everlasting to everlasting upon them that fear him, and his      righteousness unto children's children, to such as keep his covenant, and      to those that remember his commandments to do them."  Psalms 90:2:      "Before the mountains were brought forth, or ever thou hadst formed the      earth and the world, even from everlasting to everlasting thou art God."       Hebrews 1:10, 11, 12:  And thou, Lord, in the beginning, hast laid the      foundation of the earth; and the heavens are the works of thine hands;      they shall perish, but thou remainest; and they all shall wax old as doth      a garment; and as a vesture shalt thou fold them up, and they shall be      changed; but thou art the same and thy years shall not fail." James 1:17:      "Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and cometh down      form the Father of lights, with whom is no variableness, neither shadow      of turning."  Malachi 3:6: "For I am the Lord, I change not; therefore ye      sons of Jacob are not consumed."

10. Doctrine and Covenants 3:2: "For God does not walk in crooked paths,      neither does he turn to the right hand or the left, or vary from that      which he has said, therefore his paths are straight, and his course is      one eternal round."  Doctrine and Covenants 35:1: "Listen to the voice of      the Lord your God, even Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, whose      course is one eternal round, the same yesterday, today, and forever."

11. Numbers 23:19: "God is not a man that he should lie, neither the son of      man that he should repent."  1 John 4:8: "He that loveth not, knoweth not      God, for God is love," Acts 10:34, 35: "Then Peter opened his mouth and      said, 'Of a truth I perceive that God is no respecter of persons, but in      every nation he that feareth God and worketh righteousness is accepted      with him.'"

12. From the foregoing testimonies we learn the following things respecting      the character of God:

13. First, that He was God before the world was created, and the same God      that He was after it was created.

14. Secondly, that He is merciful and gracious, slow to anger, abundant in      goodness, and that He was so from everlasting, and will be to      everlasting.

15. Thirdly, that He changes not, neither is there variableness with Him; but      that He is the same from everlasting to everlasting, being the same      yesterday, today, and forever; and that His course is one eternal round,      without variation.

16. Fourthly, that He is a God of truth and cannot lie.

17. Fifthly, that He is no respecter of persons: but in every nation he that      fears God and works righteousness is accepted of Him.

18. Sixthly, that He is love.

19. An acquaintance with these attributes in the divine character, is      essentially necessary, in order that the faith of any rational being can      center in Him for life and salvation. For if he did not, in the first      instance, believe Him to be God, that is, the Creator and upholder of all      things, he could not center his faith in Him for life and salvation, for      fear there should be greater than He who would thwart all His plans, and      He, like the Gods of the heathen, would be unable to fulfill His      promises; but seeing He is God over all, from everlasting to everlasting,      the Creator and upholder of all things, no such fear can exist in the      minds of those who put their trust in Him, so that in this respect their      faith can be without wavering.

20. But secondly; unless He was merciful and gracious, slow to anger,      long-suffering and full of goodness, such is the weakness of human      nature, and so great the frailties and imperfections of men, that unless      they believed that these excellencies existed in the divine character,      the faith necessary to salvation could not exist; for doubt would take      the place of faith, and those who know their weakness and liability to      sin would be in constant doubt of salvation if it were not for the idea      which they have of the excellency of the character of God, that He is      slow to anger and long-suffering, and of a forgiving disposition, and      does forgive iniquity, transgression, and sin. An idea of these facts      does away doubt, and makes faith exceedingly strong.

21. But it is equally as necessary that men should have the idea that he is a      God who changes not, in order to have faith in him, as it is to have the      idea that He is gracious and long-suffering; for without the idea of      unchangeableness in the character of the Deity, doubt would take the      place of faith. But with the idea that He changes not, faith lays hold      upon the excellencies in His character with unshaken confidence,      believing He is the same yesterday, today, and forever, and that His      course is one eternal round.

22. And again, the idea that He is a God of truth and cannot lie, is equally      as necessary to the exercise of faith in Him as the idea of His      unchangeableness. For without the idea that He was a God of truth and      could not lie, the confidence necessary to be placed in His word in order      to the exercise of faith in Him could not exist. But having the idea      that He is not man, that He cannot lie, it gives power to the minds of      men to exercise faith in Him.

23. But it is also necessary that men should have an idea that He is no      respecter of persons, for with the idea of all the other excellencies in      His character, and this one wanting, men could not exercise faith in Him;      because if He were a respecter of persons, they could not tell what their      privileges were, nor how far they were authorized to exercise faith in      Him, or whether they were authorized to do it at all, but all must be      confusion; but no sooner are the minds of men made acquainted with the      truth on this point, that He is no respecter of persons, than they see      that they have authority by faith to lay hold on eternal life, the      richest boon of heaven, because God is no respecter of persons, and that      every man in every nation has an equal privilege.

24. And lastly, but not less important to the exercise of faith in God, is      the idea that He is love; for with all the other excellencies in His      character, without this one to influence them, they could not have such      powerful dominion over the minds of men; but when the idea is planted in      the mind that He is love, who cannot see the just ground that men of      every nation, kindred, and tongue, have to exercise faith in God so as to      obtain eternal life?

25. From the above description of the character of the Deity, which is given      Him in the revelations to men, there is a sure foundation for the      exercise of faith in Him among every people, nation, and kindred, from      age to age, and from generation to generation.

26. Let us here observe that the foregoing is the character which is given of      God in his revelations to the Former-day Saints, and it is also the      character which is given of Him in His revelations to the Latter-day      Saints, so that the saints of former days and those of latter days are      both alike in this respect; the Latter-day Saints having as good grounds      to exercise faith in God as the Former-day Saints had, because the same      character is given of him to both.

              QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON THE FOREGOING PRINCIPLES

                What was shown in the second lecture?  It was shown how the knowledge of the existence of God came into the world. Lecture 3:1.

                What is the effect of the idea of His existence among men?  It lays the foundation for the exercise of faith in Him. Lecture 3:1.

                Is the idea of His existence, in the first instance, necessary in order for the exercise of faith in Him? It is. Lecture 3:1.

                How do you prove it?  By the tenth chapter of Romans and fourteenth verse. Lecture 3:1.

                How many things are necessary for us to understand, respecting the Deity and our relation to Him, in order that we may exercise faith in Him for life and salvation?  Three. Lecture 3:2.

                What are they?  First, that God does actually exist; secondly, correct ideas of His character, His perfections and attributes; and thirdly, that the course which we pursue is according to His mind and will. Lecture 3:3, 4, 5.

                Would the idea of any one or two of the above-mentioned things enable a person to exercise faith in God?  It would not, for without the idea of them all faith would be imperfect and unproductive. Lecture 3:5.

                Would an idea of these three things lay a sure foundation for the exercise of faith in God, so as to obtain life and salvation?  It would; for by the idea of these three things, faith could become perfect and fruitful, abounding in righteousness unto the praise and glory of God. Lecture 3:5.

                How are we to be made acquainted with the before-mentioned things respecting the Deity, and respecting ourselves? By revelation. Lecture 3:6.

                Could these things be found out by any other means than by revelation?  They could not.

                How do you prove it?  By the scriptures. Job 11:7, 8, 9. 1 Corinthians 2:9, 10, 11. Lecture 3:7.

                What things do we learn in the revelations of God respecting His character?  We learn the six following things: First, that He was God before the world was created, and the same God that He was after it was created.  Secondly, that He is merciful and gracious, slow to anger, abundant in goodness, and that He was so from everlasting, and will be so to everlasting.  Thirdly, that He changes not, neither is there variableness with Him, and that His course is one eternal round. Fourthly, that He is a God of truth, and cannot lie. Fifthly, that He is no respecter of persons; and sixthly, that He is love. Lecture 3:12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18.

                Where do you find the revelations which gives us this idea of the character of the Deity?  In the Bible and Doctrine and Covenants, and they are quoted in the third lecture. Lecture 3:9, 10, 11.

                What effect would it have on any rational being not to have an idea that the Lord was God, the Creator and upholder of all things?  It would prevent Him from exercising faith in Him unto life and salvation.

                Why would it prevent him from exercising faith in God?  Because he would be as the heathen, not knowing but there he might be a being greater and more powerful than he, and thereby be prevented from filling his promises. Lecture 3:19.

                Does this idea prevent this doubt?  It does; for persons having this idea are enabled thereby to exercise faith without this doubt. Lecture 3:19.

                Is it not also necessary to have the idea that God is merciful and gracious, long-suffering and full of goodness?  It is. Lecture 3:20.

                Why is it necessary?  Because of the weakness and imperfections of human nature, and the great frailties of man; for such is the weakness of man, and such his frailties, that he is liable to sin continually, and if God were not long-suffering, and full of compassion, gracious and merciful, and of a forgiving disposition, man would be cut off from before Him, in consequence of which he would be in continual doubt and could not exercise faith; for where doubt is, there faith has no power; but by man's believing that God is full of compassion and forgiveness, long-suffering and slow to anger, he can exercise faith in Him and overcome doubt, so as to be exceedingly strong. Lecture 3:20.

                Is it not equally as necessary that man should have an idea that God changes not, neither is there variableness with Him, in order to exercise faith in Him unto life and salvation?  It is; because without this, he would not know how soon the mercy of God might change into cruelty, His long-suffering into rashness, His love into hatred, and in consequence of which doubt, man would be incapable of exercising faith in Him, but having the idea that He is unchangeable, man can have faith in Him continually, believing that what He was yesterday He is today, and will be forever. Lecture 3:21.

                Is it not necessary also, for men to have an idea that God is a being of truth before they can have perfect faith in Him?  It is; for unless men have this idea they cannot place confidence in His word, and, not being able to place confidence in His word, they could not have faith in Him; but believing that He is a God of truth, and that His word cannot fail, their faith can rest in Him without doubt. Lecture 3:22.

                Could man exercise faith in God so as to obtain eternal life unless he believed that God was no respecter of persons?  He could not; because without this idea he could not certainly know that it was his privilege so to do, and in consequence of this doubt his faith could not be sufficiently strong to save him. Lecture 3:23.

                Would it be possible for a man to exercise faith in God, so as to be saved, unless he had an idea that God was love?  He could not; because man could not love God unless he had an idea that God was love, and if he did not love God he could not have faith in him. Lecture 3:24.

                What is the description which the sacred writers give of the character of the Deity calculated to do?  It is calculated to lay a foundation for the exercise of faith in Him, as far as the knowledge extends, among all people, tongues, languages, kindreds and nations, and that from age to age, and from generation to generation. Lecture 3:25.

                Is the character which God has given of himself uniform?  It is, in all His revelations, whether to the Former-day Saints, or to the Latter-day Saints, so that they all have the authority to exercise faith in Him, and to expect, by the exercise of their faith, to enjoy the same blessings. Lecture 3:26.

                                 LECTURE FOURTH

                                         Principels

1. Having shown, in the third lecture, that correct ideas of the character      of God are necessary in order to the exercise of faith in Him unto life      and salvation; and that without correct ideas of His character the minds      of men could not have sufficient power with God to the exercise of faith      necessary to the enjoyment of eternal life; and that correct ideas of His      character lay a foundation, as far as His character is concerned, for the      exercise of faith, so as to enjoy the fullness of the blessing of the      gospel of Jesus Christ even that of eternal glory; we shall now proceed      to show the connection there is between correct ideas of the attributes      of God, and the exercise of faith in Him unto eternal life.

2. Let us here observe, that the real design which the God of heaven had in      view in making the human family acquainted with His attributes, was that      they, through the ideas of the existence of His attributes, might be      enabled to exercise faith in Him, and through the exercise of faith in      Him, might obtain eternal life; for without the idea of the existence of      the attributes which belong to God, the minds of men could not have power      to exercise faith in Him so as to lay hold upon eternal life. The God of      heaven, understanding most perfectly the constitution of human nature,      and the weakness of men, knew what was necessary to be revealed, and what      ideas must be planted in their minds in order that they might be enabled      to exercise faith in Him unto eternal life.

3. Having said so much, we shall proceed to examine the attributes of God,      as set forth in His revelations to the human family, and to show how      necessary correct ideas of His attributes are to enable men to exercise      faith in Him; for without these ideas being planted in the minds of men      it would be out of the power of any person or persons to exercise faith      in God so as to obtain eternal life. So that the divine communications      made to men in the first instance were designed to establish in their      minds the ideas necessary to enable them to exercise faith in God, and      through this means to be partakers of His glory.

4. We have, in the revelations which He has given to the human family, the      following account of His attributes:

5. First  --  Knowledge. Acts 15:18: "Known unto God are all His works from      the beginning of the world," Isaiah 46:9, 10: "Remember the former things      of old: for I am God, and there is none else; I am God, and there is none      like me, declaring the end from the beginning, and from ancient time the      things that are not yet done, saying 'My counsel shall stand, and I will      do all my pleasure.'"

6. Secondly  --  Faith or power. Hebrews 11:3: "Through faith we understand      that the worlds were framed by the word of God."  Genesis 1:1: "In the      beginning God created the heaven and the earth."  Isaiah 14:24, 27: "The      Lord of hosts hath sworn, saying, 'Surely as I have thought, so shall it      come to pass: and as I have purposed so shall it stand. For the Lord of      Hosts hath purposed, and who shall disannul it?  and his hand is      stretched out, and who shall turn it back?'"

7. Thirdly  --  Justice. Psalms 89:14: "Justice and judgement are the      habitation of thy throne."  Isaiah 45:21: "Tell ye, and bring them near;      yea, let them take counsel together; who hath declared this from the      ancient times have not I the Lord?  and there is no God else beside me; a      just God and a Saviour."  Zephaniah 3:5 "The just Lord is in the midst      thereof."  Zechariah 9:9: "Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion; shout, O      daughter of Jerusalem; behold thy King cometh unto thee; he is just and      having salvation."

8. Fourthly  --  Judgment. Psalms 89:14: "Justice and judgment are the      habitation of thy throne."  Deuteronomy 32:4 "He is the Rock, His work is      perfect; for all His ways are judgment: a God of truth and without      iniquity, just and right is He." Psalms 9:7: "but the Lord shall endure      forever. He hath prepared His throne for judgment."  Psalms 9:16: "The      Lord is known by the judgment which he executeth."

9. Fifthly  --  Mercy. Psalms 89:14: "Mercy and truth shall go before His      face."  Exodus 34:6: "And the Lord passed by before Him, and proclaimed,      'The Lord, the Lord God, merciful and gracious.'" Nehemiah 9:17: "But      thou art a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful."

10. And sixthly  --  Truth. Psalms 89:14: "Mercy and truth shall go before      thy face."  Exodus 34:6: "Long-suffering and abundant in goodness and      truth."  Deuteronomy 32:4: "He is the Rock, His work is perfect; for all      His ways are judgment: a God of truth and without iniquity, just and      right is He." Psalms 31:5: "Into Thine hand I commit my spirit; thou hast      redeemed me, O Lord God of Truth."

11. By a little reflection it will be seen that the idea of the existence of      these attributes in the Deity is necessary to enable any rational being      to exercise faith in Him; for without the idea of the existence of these      attributes in the Deity men could not exercise faith in Him for life and      salvation; seeing that without the knowledge of all things, God would not      be able to save any portion of His creatures; for it is by reason of the      knowledge which He has of all things, form the beginning to the end, that      enables Him to give that understanding to His creatures by which they are      made partakers of eternal life; and if it were not for the idea existing      in the minds of men that God had all knowledge it would be impossible for      them to exercise faith in Him.

12. And it is not less necessary that men should have the idea of the      existence of the attribute power in the Deity; for unless God had power      over all things, and was able by His power to control all things, and      thereby deliver His creatures who put their trust in Him from the power      of all beings that might seek their destruction, whether in heaven, on      earth, or in hell, men could not be saved. But with the idea of the      existence of this attribute planted in the mind, men feel as though they      had nothing to fear who put their trust in God, believing that He has      power to save all who come to Him to the very uttermost.

13. It is also necessary, in order to the exercise of faith in God unto life      and salvation, that men should have the idea of the existence of the      attribute justice in Him; for without the idea of the existence of the      attribute justice in the Deity, men could not have confidence sufficient      to place themselves under His guidance and direction; for they would be      filled with fear and doubt lest the judge of all the earth would not do      right, and thus fear or doubt, existing in the mind, would preclude the      possibility of the exercise of faith in Him for life and salvation. But      when the idea of the existence of the attribute justice in the Deity is      fairly planted in the mind, it leaves no room for doubt to get into the      heart, and the mind is enabled to cast itself upon the Almighty without      fear and without doubt, and with the most unshaken confidence, believing      that the Judge of all the earth will do right.

14. It is also of equal importance that men should have the idea of the      existence of the attribute judgment in God, in order that they may      exercise faith in Him for life and salvation; for without the idea of the      existence of this attribute in the Deity, it would be impossible for men      to exercise faith in Him for life and salvation, seeing that it is      through the exercise of this attribute that the faithful in Christ Jesus      are delivered out of the hands of those who seek their destruction; for      if God were not to come out in swift judgment against the workers of      iniquity and the powers of darkness, His saints could not be saved; for      it is by judgment that the Lord delivers His saints out of the hands of      all their enemies, and those who reject the gospel of our Lord Jesus      Christ. But no sooner is the idea of the existence of this attribute      planted in the minds of men, than it gives power to the mind for the      exercise of faith and confidence in God, and they are enabled by faith to      lay hold on the promises which are set before them, and wade through all      the tribulations and afflictions to which they are subjected by reason of      the persecution from those who know not God, and obey not the gospel of      our Lord Jesus Christ, believing that in due time the Lord will come out      in swift judgment against their enemies, and they shall be cut off from      before Him, and that in His own due time He will bear them off      conquerors, and more than conquerors, in all things.

15. And again, it is equally important that men should have the idea of the      existence of the attribute mercy in the Deity, in order to exercise faith      in Him for life and salvation; for without the idea of the existence of      this attribute in the Deity, the spirits of the saints would faint in the      midst of the tribulations, afflictions, and persecutions which they have      to endure for righteousness' sake. But when the idea of the existence of      this attribute is once established in the mind it gives life and energy      to the spirits of the saints, believing that the mercy of God will be      poured out upon them in the midst of their afflictions, and that He will      compassionate them in their sufferings, and that the mercy of God will      lay hold of them and secure them in the arms of His love, so that they      will receive a full reward for all their sufferings.

16. And lastly, but not less important to the exercise of faith in God, is      the idea of the existence of the attribute truth in Him; for without the      idea of the existence of the attribute the mind of man could have nothing      upon which it could rest with certainty  --  all would be confusion and      doubt. But with the idea of the existence of this attribute in the Deity      in mind, all the teachings, instructions, promises, and blessings, become      realities, and the mind is enabled to lay hold of them with certainty and      confidence, believing that these things, and all that the Lord has said,      shall be fulfilled in their time; and that all the cursings,      denunciations, and judgments, pronounced upon the heads of the      unrighteous, will also be executed in the due time of the Lord; and, by      reason of the truth and veracity of Him, the mind beholds its deliverance      and salvation as being certain.

17. Let the mind once reflect sincerely and candidly upon the ideas of the      existence of the before-mentioned attributes in the Deity, and it will be      seen that as far as His attributes are concerned, there is a sure      foundation laid for the exercise of faith in Him for life and salvation.       For inasmuch as God possesses the attribute knowledge, He can make all      things known to His saints necessary for their salvation, and as He      possesses the attribute power, He is able thereby to deliver them from      the power of all enemies; and seeing, also, that justice is an attribute      of the Deity, He will deal with them upon the principles of righteousness      and equity, and a just reward will be granted unto them for all their      afflictions and sufferings for the truth's sake. And as judgment is an      attribute of the Deity also, His saints can have the most unshaken      confidence that they will, in due time, obtain a perfect deliverance out      of the hands of their enemies, and a complete victory over all those who      have sought their hurt and destruction. And as mercy is also an      attribute of the Deity, His saints can have confidence that it will be      exercised towards them, and through the exercise of that attribute      towards them comfort and consolation will be administered unto them      abundantly, amid all their afflictions and tribulations. And, lastly,      realizing that truth is an attribute of the Deity, the mind is led to      rejoice amid all its trials and temptations, in hope of that glory which      is to be brought at the revelation of Jesus Christ, and in view of that      crown which is to be placed upon the heads of the saints in the day when      the Lord shall distribute rewards unto them, and in prospect of that      eternal weight of glory which the Lord has promised to bestow upon them,      when He shall bring them in the midst of His throne to dwell in His      presence eternally.

18. In view, then, of the existence of these attributes, the faith of the      saints can become exceedingly strong, abounding in righteousness unto the      praise and glory of God, and can exert its mighty influence in searching      after wisdom and understanding, until it has obtained a knowledge of all      things that pertain to life and salvation.

19. Such, then, is the foundation which is laid, through the revelation of      the attributes of God, for the exercise of faith in Him for life and      salvation; and seeing that these are attributes of the Deity, they are      unchangeable  --  being the same yesterday, today, and forever  --  which      gives to the minds of the Latter-day Saints the same power and authority      to exercise faith in God which the Former-day Saints had; so that all the      saints, in this respect, have been, are, and will be, alike until the end      of time; for God never changes, therefore His attributes and character      remain forever the same. And as it is through the revelation of these      that a foundation is laid for the exercise of faith in God unto life and      salvation, the foundation, therefore, for the exercise of faith was, is,      and ever will be, the same; so that all men have had, and will have, and      equal privilege.

              QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON THE FOREGOING PRINCIPLES

                What was shown in the fourth lecture?  It was shown that correct ideas of the character of God are necessary in order to exercise faith in Him unto life and salvation; and that without correct ideas of His character, men could not have power to exercise faith in Him unto life and salvation, but that correct ideas of His character, as far as His character was concerned in the exercise of faith in Him, lay a sure foundation for the exercise of it. Lecture 4:1.

                What object had the God of Heaven in revealing His attributed to men?  That through an acquaintance with His attributes they might be enabled to exercise faith in Him so as to obtain eternal life. Lecture 4:2.

                Could men exercise faith in God without an acquaintance with His attributes, so as to be enabled to lay hold of eternal life?  They could not.  Lecture 4:2, 3.

                What account is given of the attributes of God in His revelations?  First, Knowledge; secondly, Faith or Power; thirdly, Justice: fourthly, Judgment; fifthly, Mercy; and sixthly, Truth. Lecture 4:4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10.

                Where are the revelations to be found which give this revelation or the attributes of God?  In the Old and New Testaments, and they are quoted in the fourth lecture, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth paragraphs.

                Is the idea of the existence of these attributes in the Deity necessary in order to enable any rational being to exercise faith in Him unto life and salvation?  It is.

                How do you prove it?  By the eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth and sixteenth paragraphs in this lecture.

                Does the idea of the existence of these attributes in the Deity, as far as His attributes are concerned, enable a rational being to exercise faith in Him unto life and salvation?  It does. How do you prove it?  By the seventeenth and eighteenth paragraphs.

                Have the Latter-day Saints as much authority given them, through the revelations of the attributes of God, to exercise faith in Him as the Former-day Saints had?  They have.

                How do you prove it?  By the nineteenth paragraph of this lecture.

                                 LECTURE FIFTH

                                      Principles

1. In our former lectures we treated of the being, character, perfections,      and attributes, of God. What we mean by perfections is, the perfections      which belong to all the attributes of His nature. We shall, in this      lecture, speak of the Godhead  --  we mean the Father, Son, and Holy      Spirit.

2. There are two personages who constitute the great, matchless, governing,      and supreme power over all things, by whom all things were created and      made, that are created and made, whether visible or invisible, whether in      heaven, on earth, or in the earth, under the earth, or throughout the      immensity of space. They are the Father and the Son  --  the Father      being a personage of spirit, glory, and power, possessing all perfection      and fullness, the Son, who was in the bosom of the Father, a personage of      tabernacle, made of fashioned like unto man, or being in the form and      likeness of man, or rather man was formed after His likeness and in His      image; He is also the express image and likeness of the personage of the      Father, possessing all the fullness of the Father, or the same fullness      with the Father; being begotten of Him, and ordained from before the      foundation of the world to be a propitiation for the sins of all those      who would believe on His name, and is called the Son because of the      flesh, and descended in suffering below that which man can suffer; or, in      other word, suffered greater sufferings, and was exposed to more powerful      contradictions than any man can be. But, notwithstanding all this, He      kept the law of God, and remained without sin, showing thereby that it is      in the power of man to keep the law and remain also without sin; and      also, that by Him a righteous judgment might come upon all flesh, and      that all who walk not in the law of God may justly be condemned by the      law, and have no excuse for their sins. And He being the Only Begotten      of the Father, full of grace and truth, and having overcome, received a      fullness of the glory of the Father, possessing the same mind with the      Father, which mind is the Holy Spirit, that bears record of the Father      and the Son, and these three are one; or, in other words, these three      constitute the great, matchless, governing and supreme power over all      things; by whom all things were created and made that were created and      made, and these three constitute the Godhead, and are one; the Father and      the Son possessing the same mind, the same wisdom, glory, power, and      fullness  --  filling all in all; the Son being filled with the fullness      of the mind, glory, and power; or, in other words, the spirit, glory, and      power, of the Father, possessing all knowledge and glory, and the same      kingdom, sitting at the right hand of power, in the express image and      likeness of the Father, mediator for man, being filled with the fullness      of the mind of the Father; or, in other words, the Spirit of the Father,      which Spirit is shed forth upon all who believe on His name and keep His      commandments; and all those who keep His commandments shall grow up from      grace to grace, and become heirs of the heavenly kingdom, and joint heirs      with Jesus Christ; possessing the same mind, being transformed into the      same image or likeness, even the express image of Him who fills all in      all; being filled with the fullness of His glory, and become one in Him,      even as the Father, Son and Holy Spirit are one.

3. From the foregoing account of the Godhead, which is given in His      revelations, the saints have a sure foundation laid for the exercise of      faith unto life and salvation, through the atonement and mediation of      Jesus Christ; by whose blood they have a forgiveness of sins, and also a      sure reward laid up for them in heaven, even that of partaking of the      fullness of the Father and the Son through the Spirit. As the Son      partakes of the fullness of the Father through the Spirit, so the saints      are, by the same Spirit, to be partakers of the same fullness, to enjoy      the same glory; for as the Father and the Son are one, so, in like      manner, the saints are to be one in them. Through the love of the      Father, the mediation of Jesus Christ, and the gift of the Holy Spirit,      they are to be heirs of God, and joint heirs with Jesus Christ. (See      footnote at end of Lecture 5.)

              QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ON THE FOREGOING PRINCIPLES

                Of what do the foregoing lecture treat?  Of the being, perfections, and attributes of the Deity?  Lecture 5:1

                What are we to understand by the perfections of the Deity?  The perfections which belong to His attributes.

                How many personages are there in the Godhead?  Two: the Father and Son.  Lecture 5:1 (See footnote.)

                How do you prove that there are two personages in the Godhead?  By the Scriptures. Genesis 1:26. Also lecture 2:6: "As the Lord God said unto the Only Begotten, who was with Him from the beginning, 'Let us make man in our image, after our likeness'  --  as it was done."  Genesis 3:22: "And the Lord God said unto the Only Begotten, 'Behold, the man is become as one of us: to know good and evil.'"  John 17:5: "And now, O Father, glorify thou me with thine own self with the glory which I had with thee before the world was."  Lecture 5:2.

                What is the Father?  He is a personage of glory and of power. Lecture 5:2.

                How do you prove that the Father is a personage of glory and of power?  Isaiah 60:19: "The sun shall be no more thy light by day, neither for brightness shall the moon give light unto thee; but the Lord shall be unto thee an everlasting light, and thy God thy glory." 1 Chronicles 29:11: "Thine, O Lord, is the greatness, and the power, and the glory."  Psalms 29:3: "The voice of the Lord is upon the waters: the God of glory thunders."  Psalms 79:9: "Help us, O God of our salvation, for the glory of thy name."  Romans 1:23: "And changed the glory of the incorruptible God into an image made like to corruptible man."  Secondly, of power. 1 Chronicles 29:11: "Thine, O Lord, is the greatness, and the power, and glory."  Jeremiah 32:17: "Ah! Lord God, behold thou hast made the earth and the heavens by thy great power, and stretched-out arm; and there is nothing too hard for thee."  Deuteronomy 4:37: "And because He loved thy fathers, therefore He chose their seed after them, and brought them out in His sight with His mighty power."  2 Samuel 22:33: "God is my strength and power."  Job 26: commencing with the 7th verse to the end of the chapter:  "He stretcheth out the north over the empty place, and hangeth the earth upon nothing. He bindeth up the waters in His thick clouds; and the could is not rent under them. He holdeth back the face of His throne, and spreadeth His cloud upon it. He hath compassed the waters with bounds, until the day and night come to an end. The pillars of heaven tremble, and are astonished at His reproof. He divideth the sea with His power, and by His understanding He smiteth through the proud. By His Spirit He hath garnished the heavens; His hand hath formed the crooked serpent. Lo, these are parts of His ways!  but how little a portion is heard of Him?  But the thunder of His power who can understand?"

                What is the Son? First, He is a personage of tabernacle. Lecture 5:2.

                How do you prove it?  John 14:9, 10, 11: "Jesus saith unto him, 'Have I been so long time with you, and yet hast thou not known me, Philip?  He that hath seen me hath seen the Father; and how sayest thou then, Show us the Father?  Believest thou not that I am in the Father, and the Father in me?  The words that I speak unto you I speak not of myself: but the Father that dwelleth in me He doeth the works. Believe me that I am in the Father and the Father in me.'"  Secondly,  --  and being a personage of tabernacle, was made or fashioned like unto man, or being in the form and likeness of man. Lecture 5:2. Philippians 2:2-8: "Let this mind be in you, which was also in Christ Jesus; who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God; but made Himself no reputation, and took upon Him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of man, and being found in fashion as a man, He humbled Himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross."  Hebrews 2:14, 16: "Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, He also Himself likewise took part of the same. For verily He took not on Him the nature of angels: but He took on Him the seed of Abraham."  Thirdly, He is also in the likeness of the personage of the Father. Lecture 5:2. Hebrews 1:1, 2, 3: "God, who at sundry times and in divers manners, spake in times past to the fathers, by the prophets, hath in these last days spoken unto us by His Son, whom He hath appointed heir of all things, by whom also He made the worlds; who being the brightness of His glory, and the express image of His person."  Again, Philippians 2:5, 6: "Let this mind be in you, which was also in Christ Jesus; who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God."

                Was it by the Father and the Son that all things were created and made that were created and made?  It was. Colossians 1:15, 16, 17: "Who is the image of the invisible God, the first born of every creature; for by Him were all things created that are in heaven and that are in earth, visible and invisible, whether they be thrones or dominions, principalities or powers; all things were created by Him and for Him; and He is before all things, and by Him all things consist."  Genesis 1:1: "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth."  Hebrews 1:2 (God) "Hath in these last days spoken unto us by His Son, whom He hath appointed heir of all things, by whom also He made the worlds."

                Does He possess the fullness of the Father?  He does. Colossians 1:19, 2:9: "For it pleased the Father that in Him should all fullness dwell."  For in Him dwelleth all the fullness of the Godhead bodily."  Ephesians 1:23: "Which is His (Christ's) body, the fullness of Him that fill all in all."

                Why was He called the Son?  Because of the flesh. Luke 1:33: "That holy thing which shall be born of thee, shall be called the Son of God."  Matthew 3:16, 17:  "And Jesus, when He was baptized, went up straightway out of the water, and lo, the heavens were opened unto Him, and he (John) saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and lighting upon him: and lo, a voice from heaven saying, 'This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.'"

                Was He ordained of the Father, from before the foundation of the world, to be a propitiation for the sins of all those who should believe on His name?  He was. 1 Peter 1:18, 19, 20: "Forasmuch as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things as silver and gold, from your vain conversation, received by tradition from your father: but with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot; who verily was foreordained before the foundation of the world, but was manifested in these last times for you."  Revelations 13:8: "And all that dwell upon the earth shall worship him (the beast), whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world."  1 Corinthians 2:7: "But we speak the wisdom of God in a mystery, even the hidden mystery, which God ordained before the world, unto our glory."

                Do the Father and the son possess the same mind?  They do. John 5:30 "I (Christ) can of my own self do nothing: as I hear, I judge, and my judgment is just; because I seek not my own will, but the will of the Father who sent me."  John 6:38: "For I (Christ) came down from heaven, not to do my own will, but the will of Him that sent me." John 10:30: "I (Christ) and my Father are one."

                What is this mind?  The Holy Spirit. John 15:26: "But when the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth, which proceeds from the Father, he shall testify of me (Christ)."  Galatians 4:6: "And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of His Son into your hearts."

                Do the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit constitute the Godhead?  They do.  Lecture 5:2. (See footnote.)

                Do the believers in Christ Jesus, through the gift of the Spirit, become one with the Father and the Son, and the Father and the Son are one?  They do.  John 17:20, 21: "Neither pray I for these (the apostles) alone, but for them also who shall believe on me through their word; that they all may be one; as thou, Father, art in me, and I in thee, that they also may be one in us, that the world may believe that thou hast sent me."

                Does the foregoing account of the Godhead lay a sure foundation for the exercise of faith in Him unto life and salvation?  It does.

                How do you prove it?  By the third paragraph of this lecture.

                                 LECTURE SIXTH

                                Principles

1. Having treated in the preceding lecture of the ideas, of the character,      perfections, and attributes of God, we next proceed to treat of the      knowledge which persons must have, that the course of life which they      pursue is according to the will of God, in order that they may be enabled      to exercise faith in Him unto life and salvation.

2. This knowledge supplies an important place in revealed religion; for it      was by reason of it that the ancients were enabled to endure as seeing      Him who is invisible. An actual knowledge to any person, that the course      of life which he pursues is according to the will of God, is essentially      necessary to enable him to have that confidence in God without which no      person can obtain eternal life. It was this that enabled the ancient      saints to endure all their afflictions and persecutions, and to take      joyfully the spoiling of their goods, knowing (not believing merely) that      they had a more enduring substance. Hebrews 10:34.

3. Having the assurance that they were pursuing a course which was agreeable      to the will of God, they were enabled to take, not only the spoiling of      their goods, and the wasting of their substance, joyfully, but also to      suffer death in its most horrid forms; knowing (not merely believing)      that when this earthly house of their tabernacle was dissolved, they had      a building of God, a house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.       2 Corinthians 5:1.

4. Such was, and always will be, the situation of the saints of God, that      unless they have an actual knowledge that the course they are pursuing is      according to the will of God they will grow weary in their minds, and      faint; for such has been, and always will be, the opposition in the      hearts of unbelievers and those that know not God against the pure and      unadulterated religion of heaven (the only thing which insures eternal      life), that they will persecute to the uttermost all that worship God      according to His revelations, receive the truth in the love of it, and      submit themselves to be guided and directed by His will; and drive them      to such extremities that nothing short of an actual knowledge of their      being the favorites of heaven, and of their having embraced the order of      things which God has established for the redemption of man, will enable      them to exercise that confidence in Him necessary for them to overcome      the world, and obtain that crown of glory which is laid up for them that      fear God.

5. For a man to lay down his all, his character and reputation, his honor,      and applause, his good name among men, his houses, his lands, his      brothers and sisters, his wife and children, and even his own life also       --  counting all things but filth and dross for the excellency of the      knowledge of Jesus Christ  --  requires more than mere belief or      supposition that he is doing the will of God; but actual knowledge,      realizing that, when those sufferings are ended, he will enter into      eternal rest, and be a partaker of the glory of God.

6. For unless a person does know that he is walking according to the will of      God, it would be offering an insult to the dignity of the Creator were he      to say that he would be a partaker of His glory when he should be done      with the things of this life. But when he has this knowledge, and most      assuredly knows that he is doing the will of God, his confidence can be      equally strong that he will be a partaker of the glory of God.

7. Let us here observe, that a religion that does not require the sacrifice      of all things never has power sufficient to produce the faith necessary      unto life and salvation; for, from the first existence of man, the faith      necessary unto the enjoyment of life and salvation never could be      obtained without the sacrifice of all earthly things. It was through      this sacrifice, and this only, that God has ordained that men should      enjoy eternal life; and it is through the medium of the sacrifice of all      earthly things that men do actually know that they are doing the things      that are well pleasing in the sight of God. When a man has offered in      sacrifice all that he has for the truth's sake, not even withholding his      life, and believing before God that he has been called to make this      sacrifice because he seeks to do his will, he does know, most assuredly,      that God does and will accept his sacrifice and offering, and that he has      not, nor will not seek his face in vain. Under these circumstances,      then, he can obtain the faith necessary for him to lay hold on eternal      life.

8. It is in vain for persons to fancy to themselves that they are heirs with      those, or can be heirs with them, who have offered their all in      sacrifice, and by this means obtain faith in God and favor with him so as      to obtain eternal life, unless they, in like manner, offer unto him the      same sacrifice, and through that offering obtain the knowledge that they      are accepted of him.

9. It was in offering sacrifices that Abel, the first martyr, obtained      knowledge that he was accepted of God. And from the days of righteous      Abel to the present time, the knowledge that men have that they are      accepted in the sight of God is obtained by offering sacrifice. And in      the last days, before the Lord comes, He is to gather together His saints      who have made a covenant with him by sacrifice. Psalms 1:3, 4, 5: "Our      God shall come, and shall not keep silence: a fire shall devour before      Him, and it shall be very tempestuous round about Him. He shall call to      the heavens from above, and to the earth, that He may judge His people.       Gather my saints together unto me; those that have made a covenant with      me by sacrifice."

10. Those, then, who make the sacrifice, will have the testimony that their      course is pleasing in the sight of God; and those who have this testimony      will have faith to lay hold on eternal life, and will be enabled, through      faith, to endure unto the end, and receive the crown that is laid up for      them that love the appearing of our Lord Jesus Christ. But those who do      not make the sacrifice cannot enjoy this faith, because men are dependent      upon this sacrifice in order to obtain this faith: therefore, they cannot      lay hold upon eternal life, because the revelations of God do not      guarantee unto them the authority so to do, and without this guarantee      faith could not exist.

11. All the saints of whom we have account, in all the revelations of God      which are extant, obtained the knowledge which they had of their      acceptance in His sight through the sacrifice which they offered unto      Him; and through the knowledge thus obtained their faith became      sufficiently strong to lay hold upon the promise of eternal life, and to      endure as seeing Him who is invisible; and were enabled, through faith,      to combat the powers of darkness, contend against the wiles of the      adversary, overcome the world, and obtain the end of their faith, even      the salvation of their souls.

12. But those who have not made this sacrifice to God do not know that the      course which they pursue is well pleasing in His sight; for whatever may      be their belief or their opinion, it is a matter of doubt and uncertainty      in their mind; and where doubt and uncertainty are there faith is not,      nor can it be. For doubt and faith do not exist in the same person at      the same time; so that persons whose minds are under doubts and fears      cannot have unshaken confidence; and where unshaken confidence is not      there faith is weak; and where faith is weak their persons will not be      able to contend against all the opposition, tribulations, and afflictions      which they will have to encounter in order to be heirs of God, and joint      heirs with Christ Jesus; and they will grow weary in their minds, and the      adversary will have power over them and destroy them.

                                LECTURE SEVENTH

                           Principles

1. In preceding lessons we treated of what faith was, and of the object on      which it rested. Agreeable to our plan, we now proceed to speak of its      effects.

2. As we have seen in our former lectures that faith was the principle of      action and of power in all intelligent beings, both in heaven and on      earth, it will not be expected that we shall, in a lecture of this      description, attempt to unfold all its effects; neither is it necessary      to our purpose so to do, for it would embrace all things in heaven and on      earth, and encompass all the creations of God, with all their endless      varieties; for no world has yet been framed that was not framed by faith,      neither has there been an intelligent being on any of God's creations who      did not get there by reason of faith as it existed in himself or in some      other being; nor has there been a change or a revolution in any of the      creations of God, but it has been effected by faith; neither will there      be a change or a revolution, unless it is effected in the same way, in      any of the vast creations of the Almighty, for it is by faith that the      Deity works.

3. Let us here offer some explanation in relation to faith, that our meaning      may be clearly comprehended. We ask, then, what are we to understand by      a man's working by faith?  We answer  --  we understand that when a man      works by faith he works by mental exertion instead of physical force. It      is by words, instead of exerting his physical powers, with which every      being works when he works by faith. God said, "Let there be light, and      there was light."  Joshua spake, and the great lights which God had      created stood still. Elijah commanded, and the heavens were stayed for      the space of three years and six months, so that it did not rain: he      again commanded and the heavens gave forth rain. All this was done by      faith. And the Savior says, "If you have faith as a grain of mustard      seed, say to this mountain, 'Remove,' and it will remove; or say to that      sycamine tree, 'Be ye plucked up, and planted in the midst of the sea,'      and it shall obey you."  Faith, then, works by words; and with these its      mightiest works have been, and will be, performed.

4. It surely will not be required of us to prove that this is the principle      upon which all eternity has acted and will act; for every reflecting mind      must know that it is by reason of this power that all the hosts of heaven      perform their works of wonder, majesty, and glory. Angels move from      place to place by virtue of this power; it is by reason of it that they      are enabled to descend from heaven to earth; and were it not for the      power of faith they never could be ministering spirits to them who should      be heirs of salvation, neither could they act as heavenly messengers, for      they would be destitute of the power necessary to enable them to do the      will of God.

5. It is only necessary for us to say that the whole visible creation, as it      now exists, is the effect of faith. It was faith by which it was framed,      and it is by the power of faith that it continues in its organized form,      and by which the planets move round their orbits and sparkle forth their      glory. So, then, faith is truly the first principle in the science of      THEOLOGY, and when understood, leads the mind back to the beginning, and      carries it forward to the end; or, in other words, from eternity to      eternity.

6. As faith, then, is the principle by which the heavenly hosts perform      their works, and by which they enjoy all their felicity, we might expect      to find it set forth in a revelation from God as the principle upon which      His creatures here below must act in order to obtain the felicities      enjoyed by the saints in the eternal world; and that, when God would      undertake to raise up men for the enjoyment of Himself, He would teach      them the necessity of living by faith, and the impossibility there was of      their enjoying the blessedness of eternity without it, seeing that all      the blessings of eternity are the effects of faith.

7. Therefore it is said, and appropriately too, that "Without faith it is      impossible to please God."  If it should be asked  --  Why is it      impossible to please God without faith?  The answer would be  --  Because      without faith it is impossible for men to be saved; and as God desires      the salvation of men, He must, of course, desire that they should have      faith; and He could not be pleased unless they had, or else He could be      pleased with their destruction.

8. From this we learn that the many exhortations which have been given by      inspired men, to those who had received the word of the Lord to have      faith in Him, were not mere commonplace matters, but were for the best of      all reasons, and that was  --  because without it there was no salvation,      neither in this world nor in that which is to come. When men begin to      live by faith they begin to draw near to God; and when faith is perfected      they are like Him; and because He is saved they are saved also; for they      will be in the same situation He is in, because they have come to Him;      and when He appears they shall be like Him, for they will see Him as He      is.

9. As all the visible creation is an effect of faith, so is salvation also       --  we mean salvation in its most extensive latitude of interpretation,      whether it is temporal or spiritual. In order to have this subject      clearly set before the mind, let us ask what situation must a person be      in, in order to be saved? or what is the difference between a saved man      and one who is not saved?   We answer, from what we have before seen of      the heavenly worlds, they must be persons who can work by faith and who      are able, by faith, to be ministering spirits to them who shall be heirs      of salvation; and they must have faith to enable them to act in the      presence of the Lord, otherwise they cannot be saved. And what      constitutes the real difference between a saved person and one not saved      is  --  the difference in the degree of their faith  --  one's faith has      become perfect enough to lay hold upon eternal life, and the other's has      not. But to be a little more particular, let us ask  --  Where shall we      find a prototype into whose likeness we may be assimilated, in order that      we may be made partakers of life and salvation? or, in other words, where      shall we find a saved being?  for if we can find a saved being, we may      ascertain without much difficulty what all others must be in order to be      saved. We think that it will not be a matter of dispute, that two beings      who are unlike each other cannot both be saved; for whatever constitutes      the salvation of one will constitute the salvation of every creature      which will be saved; and if we find one saved being in all existence, we      may see what all others must be, or else not be saved. We ask, then,      were is the prototype?  or where is the saved being?  We conclude, as to      the answer of this question, there will be no dispute among those who      believe the Bible, that it is Christ; all will agree in this, that He is      the prototype or standard of salvation; or, in other words, that He is a      saved being. And if we should continue our interrogation, and ask how it      is that He is saved?  the answer would be  --  because He is a just and      holy being; and if He were anything different from what He is, He would      not be saved; for His salvation depends on His being precisely what He is      and nothing else; for if it were possible for Him to change, in the least      degree, so sure He would fail of salvation and lose all His dominion,      power, authority and glory, which constitute salvation; for salvation      consists in the glory, authority, majesty, power and dominion which      Jehovah possesses and in nothing else; and no being can possess it but      Himself or one like Him. Thus says John, in his first epistle, third      chapter, second and third verses:  "Beloved, now are we the sons of God,      and it doth not yet appear what we shall be; but we know that, when He      shall appear, we shall be like Him, for we shall see Him as He is. And      every man that hath this hope in Him, purifieth himself, even as He is      pure."  Why purify themselves as He is pure?  Because if they do not they      cannot be like Him.

10. The Lord said unto Moses, Leviticus 19:2: "Speak unto all the      congregation of the children of Israel, and say unto them, 'Ye shall be      holy: for I the Lord your God am holy.'"  And Peter says, first epistle,      1:15, 16: "But as He which hath called you is holy, so be ye holy in all      manner of conversation; because it is written, 'Be ye holy; for I am      holy.'"  And the Savior says, Matthew 5:48 "Be ye therefore perfect, even      as your Father which is in heaven is perfect.'"  If any should ask, why      all these sayings?  the answer is to be found from what is before quoted      from John's epistle, that when He (the Lord) shall appear, the saints      will be like Him; and if they are not holy, as He is holy, and perfect,      as He is perfect, they cannot be like Him; for no being can enjoy His      glory without possessing His perfections and holiness, no more than they      could reign in His kingdom without His power.

11. This clearly sets forth the propriety of the Saviour's saying, recorded      in John's testimony 14:12: "Verily, verily, I say unto you, he that      believeth on me, the works that I do shall he do also; and greater works      than these shall he do, because I go unto my Father."  This taken in      connection with some of the sayings in the Savior's prayer, recorded in      the seventeenth chapter, gives great clearness to His expressions. He      says in the 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24th verses: "Neither pray I for these      alone, but for them also who shall believe on me through their words;      that they all may be one; as thou, Father, art in me, and I in thee, that      they also may be one in us; that the world may believe that thou hast      sent me. And the glory which thou gavest me I have given them; that they      may be one, even as we are one: I in them, and thou in me, that they may      be made perfect in one; and that the world may know that thou hast sent      me, and hast loved them, as thou hast loved me. Father, I will that they      also whom thou has given me, be with me where I am; that they may behold      my glory, which thou hast given me: for thou lovedst me before the      foundation of the world."

12. All these sayings put together give as clear an account of the state of      the glorified satins as language could give  --  the works that Jesus had      done they were to do, and greater works than those which He had done      among them should they do, and that because He went to the Father. he      does not say that they should do these works in time; but they should do      greater works, because He went to the Father. He says in the 24th verse:      "Father, I will that they also, whom thou hast given me, be with me where      I am; that they may behold my glory."  These sayings, taken in      connection, make it very plain that the greater works which those that      believed on His name were to do were to be done in eternity, where He was      going and where they should behold His glory. He had said, in another      part of His prayer, that He desired of His Father that those who believed      on Him should be one in Him, as He and the Father were one in each other.      "Neither pray I for these (the apostles) alone, but for them also who      shall believe on me through their words, that they all may be one"' that      is, they who believe on Him through the apostles' words, as well as the      apostles themselves, "that they all may be one, as thou, Father, are in      me and I in thee; that they also may be one in us."

13. What language can be plainer than this?  The Saviour surely intended to      be understood by His disciples, and He so spake that they might      understand Him; for He declares to His Father, in language, not to be      easily mistaken, that He wanted His disciples, even all of them, to be as      Himself and the Father, for as He and the Father are one so they might be      one with them. And what is said in the 22nd verse is calculated to more      firmly establish this belief; if it needs anything to establish it. He      says; "And the glory which thou gavest me, I have given them, that they      may be one, even as we are one."  As much as to say that unless they have      the glory which the Father had given Him they could not be one with them;      for He says He had given them the glory that the Father had given Him      that they might be one; or in other words, to make them one.

14. This fills up the measure of information on this subject and shows most      clearly that the Saviour wished His disciples to understand that they      were to be partakers with Him in all things, not even His glory excepted.

15. It is scarcely necessary here to observe what we have previously noticed,      that the glory which the Father and the Son have is because they are just      and holy beings; and that if they were lacking in one attribute or      perfection which they have, the glory which they have never could be      enjoyed by them, for it requires them to be precisely what they are in      order to enjoy it; and if the Saviour gives this glory to any others, he      must do it in the very way set forth in His prayer to His Father  --  by      making them one with Him as He and the Father are one. In so doing He      would give them the glory which the Father has given Him; and when His      disciples are made one with the Father and Son, as the Father and Son are      one, who cannot see the propriety of the Saviour's saying  --  "The works      which I do, shall they do; and greater works than these shall they do,      because I go to my Father."

16. These teachings of the Saviour most clearly show unto us the nature of      salvation, and what He proposed unto the human family when He proposed to      save them  --  that He proposed to make them like unto Himself, and he      was like the Father, the great prototype of all saved beings;  and for      any portion of the human family to be assimilated into their likeness is      to be saved; and to be unlike them is to be destroyed; and on this hinge      turns the door of salvation.

17. Who cannot see, then, that salvation is the effect of faith? for, as we      have previously observed, all the heavenly beings work by this principle;      and it is because they are able so to do that they are saved, for nothing      but his could save them. and this is the lesson which the God of heaven,      by the mouth of His holy prophets, has been endeavoring to teach to the      world. Hence we are told, that "Without faith it is impossible to please      God": and that salvation is of faith, that it might be by grace, to the      end the promise might be sure to all the seed. Romans 4:16. And that      Israel, who followed after the law of righteousness, has not attained to      the law of righteousness. Wherefore?  Because they sought it not by      faith, but as it were by the works of the law; for they stumbled at that      stumbling stone. Romans 9:32. And Jesus said unto the man who brought      his son to Him, to get the devil who tormented him cast out: "If thou      canst believe, all things are possible to him that believeth."  Mark      9:23. These with a multitude of other scriptures which might be quoted      plainly set forth the light in which the Saviour, as well as the      Former-day Saints, viewed the plan of salvation. That it was a system of      faith  --  it begins with faith, and continues by faith; and every      blessing which is obtained in relation to it is the effect of faith,      whether it pertains to this life or that which is to come. To this all      the revelations of God bear witness. If there were children of promise,      they were the effects of faith, not even the Saviour of the world      excepted. "Blessed is she that believed," said Elizabeth to Mary, when      she went to visit her, "for there shall be a performance of those things      which were told her from the Lord."  Luke 1:45. Nor was the birth of      John the Baptist the less a matter of faith; for in order that his father      Zacharias might believe he was struck dumb. And through the whole      history of the scheme of life and salvation, it is a matter of faith:      every man received according to his faith  --  according as his faith      was, so were his blessings and privileges; and nothing was withheld from      him when his faith was sufficient to receive it. he could stop the      mouths of lions, quench the violence of fire, escape the edge of the      sword, wax valiant in fight, and put to flight the armies of the aliens;      women could, by their faith, receive their dead children to life again;      in a word, there was nothing impossible with them who had faith. All      things were in subjection to the Former-day Saints, according as their      faith was. By their faith they could obtain heavenly visions, the      ministering of angels, have knowledge of the spirits of just men made      perfect, of the general assembly and church of the first born, whose      names are written in heaven, of God the judge of all, of Jesus the      Mediator of the new covenant, and become familiar with the third heavens,      see and hear things which were not only unutterable, but were unlawful to      utter. Peter, in view of the power of faith, second epistle, first      chapter, second and third verses, says to the Former-day Saints:  "Grace      and peach be multiplied unto you, through the knowledge of God, and of      Jesus our Lord, according as His divine power hath given unto us all      things that pertain unto life and godliness, through the knowledge of Him      that hath called us to glory and virtue."  In the first epistle, first      chapter, third, fourth and fifth verses he says:  "Blessed be the God and      Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, which, according to His abundant mercy,      hath begotten us again unto a lively hope by the resurrection of Jesus      Christ from the dead, to an inheritance incorruptible and undefiled, and      that fadeth not away, reserved in heaven for you, who are kept by the      power of God through faith unto salvation, ready to be revealed in the      last time."

18. These sayings put together show the apostle's views most clearly, so as      to admit of no mistake on the mind of any individual. He says that all      things that pertain to life and godliness were given unto them through      the knowledge of God and our Saviour Jesus Christ. And if the question      is asked, how were they to obtain the knowledge of God?  (for there is a      great difference between believing in God and knowing him  --  knowledge      implies more than faith. And notice, that all things that pertain to      life and godliness were given through the knowledge of God) the answer is      given  --  through faith they were to obtain this knowledge; and, having      power by faith to obtain the knowledge of God, they could with it obtain      all other things which pertain to life and godliness.

19. By these sayings of the apostle, we learn that it was by obtaining a      knowledge of God that men got the knowledge of all things which pertain      to life and godliness, and this knowledge was the effect of faith; so      that all things which pertain to life and godliness are the effects of      faith.

20. From this we may extend as far as any circumstances may require, whether      on earth or in heaven, and we will find it the testimony of all inspired      men, or heavenly messengers, that all things that pertain to life and      godliness are the effects of faith and  nothing else; all learning,      wisdom and prudence fail, and everything else as a means of salvation but      faith. This is the reason that the fishermen of Galilee could teach the      world  --  because they sought by faith, and by faith obtained. And this      is the reason that Paul counted all things but filth and dross  --  what      he formerly called his gain he called his loss; yea, and he counted all      things but loss for the excellency of the knowledge of Christ Jesus the      Lord. Philippians 3:7, 8, 9, and 10. Because to obtain the faith by      which he could enjoy the knowledge of Christ Jesus the Lord, he had to      suffer the loss of all things. This is the reason that the Former-day      Saints knew more, and understood more, of heaven and of heavenly things      than all others beside, because this information is the effect of faith       --  to be obtained by no other means. And this is the reason that men,      as soon as they lose their faith, run into strifes, contentions,      darkness, and difficulties; for the knowledge which tends to life      disappears with faith, but returns when faith returns; for when faith      comes it brings its train of attendants with it  --  apostles, prophets,      evangelists, pastors, teachers, gifts, wisdom, knowledge, miracles,      healings, tongues, interpretation of tongues, etc. All these appear when      faith appears on the earth, and disappear when it disappears from the      earth; for these are the effects of faith, and always have attended, and      always will, attend it. For where faith is, there will the knowledge of      God be also, with all things which pertain thereto  --  revelations,      visions, and dreams, as well as every necessary thing, in order that the      possessors of faith may be perfected, and obtain salvation; for God must      change, otherwise faith will prevail with him. And he who possesses it      will, through it, obtain all necessary knowledge and wisdom, until he      shall know God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, whom He has sent  --  whom to      know is eternal life. Amen.

      The Following Excerpt is Not A Part of The Lectures On Faith   "King Follett" discourse, by Joseph Smith Jr, the Prophet.

       There are but a very few beings in the world who understand rightly the character of God. The great majority of mankind do not comprehend anything, either that which is past, or that which is to come, as it respects their relationship to God. They do not know, neither do they understand the nature of that relationship and consequently they know but little above the brute beast, or more than to eat, drink and sleep. This is all man knows about God or His existence, unless it is given by the inspiration of the Almighty.

       If a man learns nothing more than to eat, drink and sleep, and does not comprehend any of the designs of God, the beast comprehends the same things.  It eats, drinks, sleeps, and knows nothing more about God; yet it knows as much as we, unless we are able to comprehend by the inspiration of Almighty God. If men do not comprehend the character of God, they do not comprehend themselves. I want to go back to the beginning, and so lift your minds into a more lofty sphere and a more exalted understanding than what the human mind generally aspires to.

                   The Following Excerpt Is Not A Part Of The Lectures on Faith.   By Pres. Joseph F. Smith

       I will go back to the beginning before the world was, to show what kind of being God is. What sort a being was God in the beginning?  Open your ears and hear, all ye ends of the earth, for I am going to prove it to you by the Bible, and tell you the designs of God in relation to the human race and why He interferes with the affairs of man.

       God himself was once as we are now, and is an exalted man, and sits enthroned in yonder heavens?  That is the great secret. If the vail were rent today, and the great God who holds this world in its orbit, and who upholds all worlds and all things by His power, was to make Himself visible  --  I say, if you were to see Him today, you would see Him like a man in form  --  like yourselves in all the person, image, and very form as a man; for Adam was created in the very fashion, image and likeness of God, and received instruction from, and walked, talked, and conversed with Him, as one man talks and communes with another. * * * I wish I was in a suitable place to tell it, and that I had the trumpet of an archangel, so that I could tell the story in such a manner that persecution would cease forever. What did Jesus say?  (Mark it, Elder Rigdon!) The scriptures inform us that Jesus said, As the Father hath power to Himself, even so hath the Son power  --  to do what?  Why, what the Father did. The answer is obvious  --  in a manner to lay down His body and take it up again. Jesus, what are you going to do?  To lay down my life as my Father did, and take it up again. Do you believe it?  If you do not believe it, you do not believe the Bible. The scriptures say it and I defy all the learning and wisdom and all the combined powers of earth and hell together to refute it.

                                        Note:  --  That which follows is not part of the Lectures on Faith as originally delivered in Kirtland. Further light was revealed to the Prophet subsequent to the giving of these Lectures, as will be noted by the quotations following  --

       A. We believe in God the Eternal Father, and in His Son Jesus Christ, and in the Holy Ghost. --  Joseph Smith (See famous Wentworth letter, March 1, 1842, Documentary History of the Church, Vol. 4:540)

       B. The Father has a body of flesh and bones as tangible as man's; the Son also; but the Holy Ghost has not a body of flesh and bones, but is a personage of Spirit. Were it not so, the Holy Ghost could not dwell in us.  April 2, 1843, D&C 130:22.

              The Following is Not A Part of the Lectures On Faith   By Pres. Joseph F. Smith

       But the gift of the Holy Ghost, which bears record of the Father and the Son, which takes of the things of the Father and shows them unto man, which testifies of Jesus Christ, and of the ever-living God, the Father of Jesus Christ, and which bears witness of the truth  --  this Spirit, this intelligence is not given unto all men until they repent of their sins and come into a state of worthiness before the Lord. Then they receive it by the laying on of the hands of those who are authorized of God to bestow His blessings upon the heads of the children of men. The Spirit spoken of in that which I have read is that Spirit which will not cease to strive with the children of men until they are brought to the possession of the greater light and intelligence. Though a man may commit all manner of sin and blasphemy, if he has not received the testimony of the Holy Ghost he may be forgiven by repenting of his sins, humbling himself before the Lord, and obeying in sincerity the commandments of God. As it is stated here:  "Every soul who forsaketh his sins and cometh unto me, and calleth on my name, and obeyeth my voice, and keepeth my commandments, shall see my face and know that I am."  He shall be forgiven and receive the greater light:  he will enter into a solemn covenant with God, into a compact with the Almighty, through the Only Begotten Son, whereby he becomes a son of God, an heir of God, and a joint heir with Jesus Christ. Then if he shall sin against the light and knowledge he has received, the light that was within him shall become darkness, and oh, how great will be that darkness!  Then, and not till then, will this Spirit of Christ that lighteth every man that cometh into the world cease to strive with him, and he shall be left to his own destruction.

       This is in accordance with the doctrine of Christ, as it is revealed in the New Testament; it is in accordance with the word of God as it is revealed in the latter-day through the Prophet Joseph Smith, God will not condemn any man to utter destruction, neither shall any man be thrust down to hell irredeemably, until he has been brought to the possession of the greater light that comes through repentance and obedience to the laws and commandments of God; but if, after he has received light and knowledge, he shall sin against the light and will not repent, then, indeed, he becomes a lost soul, a son of perdition.

       The question is often asked, is there any difference between the Spirit of the Lord and the Holy Ghost?  The terms are frequently used synonymously.  We often say the Spirit of God when we mean the Holy Ghost; we likewise say the Holy Ghost when we mean the Spirit of God. The Holy Ghost is a personage in the Godhead, and is not that which lighteth every man that comes into the world. It is the Spirit of God which proceeds through Christ to the world.  that enlightens every man that comes into the world, and that strives with the children of men, and will continue to strive with them, until it brings them to a knowledge of the truth and the possession of the greater light and testimony of the Holy Ghost. If, however, he receive that greater light, and then sin against it, the Spirit of God will cease to strive with him, and the Holy Ghost will wholly depart from him. Then will he persecute the truth; then will he seek the blood of the innocent; then will he not scruple at the commission of any crime; except so far as he may fear the penalties of the law, in consequence of the crime, upon himself.

Improvement Era, Vol. 11:380-2

          The Following Excerpt Is Not A Part of The Lecture On Faith   "The Kingdom of God", No. 2   By Orson Pratt.   Liverpool, October 31, 1848

       The true God exists both in time and in space, and has as much relation to them as man or any other being. He has extension, and form, and dimensions, as well as man. He occupies space; has a body, parts and passions; can go from place to place  --  can eat, drink, and talk, as well as man. Man resembles Him in the features and form of His body, and He does not differ materially in size. When He has been seen among men, He has been pronounced, even by the wicked, as one of their own species. So much did He look like man, that some supposed Him to be the carpenter's son. Like man, He had a Father; and He was the "express image of the person of the Father."  The two persons were as much alike in form, in size, and in every other respect as fathers and sons are of the human race; indeed, the human race are "His offspring", made in His likeness and image, not after His moral image, but after the image of His person. There is no such thing as moral image. Such an image cannot exist. Morality is a property of some being or substance. A property without a substance or being to which it appertains is inconceivable.  Hence, a moral image never had an existence except in the brains of modern idolators.